Confusion of names: Greenland whaling = Spitsbergen/Svalbard whaling and Davis Strait whaling= Greenland whaling

Boiling whale oil, probably Amsterdam Eiland, Spitsbergen. 

Mountain left probably Jan Mayen-eiland (Beerenberg).

Rijksmuseum Amsterdam. Cornelis de Man

People in the 17th and 18th centuries held a different geographical view than people today. This means that when we speak of “Greenland whaling”, “the term “Greenland” actually refers to Svalbard, whereas “Davis Strait” refers to whaling off the coast of present-day Greenland. The Davis Strait is a southern arm of the Arctic Ocean that lies north of the Labrador Sea. It lies between mid-western Greenland and Baffin Island in Nunavut, Canada. 

Japanese destroyer Isokaze 1916-1936

Isokaze-class destroyers©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Battleship Yamashiro©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Battleship Ise©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Part of Isokaze-class preceded by Kaba-class succeeded by Momo-class. An updated longer version of the Umikaze-class. Built under the Hachi-hachi Kantai program and to escort the newly built fast battleships Yamashiro and Ise. Laid down by Kure Naval Arsenal, Japan on 5 April 1916, launched on 5 October 1916, completed on 28 February 1917 and retired on 1 April 1935

Whaler Adelaide spoken according to the Australian newspaper The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser dated Thursday 20 March 1834

An item reported that the whaler Denmark Hill which arrived 18 March 1834 at Sydney, Australia had spoken on 11 March the whaler Adelaide, 3,5 months out, 350 barrels oil. 

Whaler Harmony spoken according to the Australian newspaper The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser dated Thursday 20 March 1834

An item reported that the whaler Denmark Hill which arrived 18 March 1834 at Sydney, Australia had spoken on 27 February the whaler Harmony, 22 months out, 1,950 barrels oil. 

Whaler Chieftain spoken according to the Australian newspaper The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser dated Thursday 20 March 1834

An item reported that the whaler Denmark Hill which arrived 18 March 1834 at Sydney, Australia had spoken on 23 January the whaler Chieftain, 8 months out, 400 barrels oil. 

Chinese protected cruiser Hai Tien 1897-1904

Hai Yung-class. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Hai Chi-class. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Chao-Ho class. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Part of Hai Chi or Hai Qi-class preceded by Hai Yung-class succeeded by Chao Ho-class. Laid down by Armstrong Whitworth, United Kingdom on 16 February 1897, launched on 26 November 1897, completed on 28 March 1899, acquired in August 1899, maiden voyage begun on 22 May 1899 and lost after hitting a rock in the Hangzhou Bay on 25 April 1904. 

Merchant ship Jumna chartered by France for the expedition to China in 1860

In 1856 broke the Second Opium War out as a result of western powers trying to force the Chinese Qing dynasty to open the frontiers for foreign trade and to obtain more influence. A treaty signed in 1858 was to end the war and give the western powers more or less what they wanted. A combined British-America-French effort to pass the Taku forts and go on to Pei-ho (nowadays Hai River) failed and France and the United Kingdom decided to sent out a combined expedition with the first French ships leaving France on 5 December 1859. A joint ultimatum of both countries dated 8 March 1860 was refused on 8 April 1860 followed by fighting. To transport their troops and stores France and especially England hired several merchant ships.

Source

Léopold Pallu de La Barrière. Expédition de Chine en 1860. Paris, Imprimerie Impériale, 1863, p. 15. 

German submarine U 118 under repair at the Kaiserliche Werft, Kiel, Germany in 1918

A list dealing dated 12 July 1918 reported the status of work on the submarines expected on 14 July. Work started on 24 June. Planned completion on 20 July. Description of the work remaining work. Remarks deadline waiting for delivery support tubes for periscope.

Source

Bundesarchiv RM 3-11254. 

Whaler Toward Castle spoken according to the Australian newspaper The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser dated Thursday 20 March 1834

An item reported that the whaler Denmark Hill which arrived 18 March 1834 at Sydney, Australia had spoken on 18 January the whaler Toward Castle, 27 months out, 2,200 barrels oil. 

American destroyer USS Patterson DD-36 1910-1933 (1934)

Flusser, Smith-class. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Roe, Paulding-class. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Duncan, Cassin-class. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Part of Paulding-class (DD 22-42) preceded by Smith-class succeeded by Cassin-class. Some times DD 24-28, 30-31, 33 and 36 are considered as the Roe-class and DD 32,35 and 38-42 as Monaghan-class. Silhouettes differs while the DD 24-27, 30-32, 34, 36-37 and 40 possessed 3 instead of 4 funnels, with the middle funnel being larger with two boiler uptakes trunked together. The edition Jane’s Fighting Ships of World War I called the class instead of Paulding-class the Drayton-class which was unofficially also known as the Flivver Type. Laid down by William Cramp&Sons, Philadelphia, USA with yard number 361 on 29 March 1910, launched on 29 April 1911, commissioned on 11 October 1911, decommissioned on 1 January 1919, transferred to the US Coast Guard as CG-16 on 28 April 1924, commissioned on 24 November 1924, decommissioned on 16 March 1930, returned to the US Navy on 8 October 1930, lost her name needed for new building on 1 July 1933, stricken on 28 June 1934 and sold to be broken up on 2 May 1934. 

British dredger Coquet Mouth mined according to the War Cabinet Weekly Résumé No. 45of the Naval, Military and Air Situation 4-12 July 1940

An item reported that on 4 July the British dredger Coquet Mouth, tonnage tons 477 tons, loaded with ... , underway from ... to ... was mined North of Blyth. Three crew members were killed.

Source

National Archive UK. CAB-66-9-42. 

Estonian merchant ship Vapper sunk by enemy submarine according to the War Cabinet Weekly Résumé No. 45of the Naval, Military and Air Situation 4-12 July 1940

An item reported that on 6 July the Estonian merchant ship Vapper, tonnage 4,548 tons, loaded with coal, underway from ... to Buenos Aires, Argentina was torpedoed 160 miles west south west of Land’s End. Not part of convoy. Of the crew was 1 man killed, 1 missing and 15 saved.

Source

National Archive UK. CAB-66-9-42. 

British light cruiser (ex-Bellerophon 1941-1945) HMS Tiger 1945-1979 (1986)

HMS Swiftsure, Minotaur-class. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Tiger-class. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Part of Tiger-class preceed by Minotaur-class. Ordered under the 1942 Addition Naval Programme. Laid down by John Brown Shipyard, Clydebank, Scotland as Bellerophon on 1 October 1941, launched on 25 October 1945, building suspended and laid up in 1946, redesigned in 1948, accepted by the navy in March 1959, commissioned on 18 March 1959, reserve since 18 December 1966, converted into a helicopter and command cruiser between 1968-1972, decommissioned on 24 May 1979 sold to be broken up in 1986 which begun in Spain in October 1986. Pennant C20. 

American admiral Sims inquired if there was any interest in Norway in obtaining American Ferris type 3500 cargo ships in 1918

An item referred to a cable telegram of Force Commander Wm.S. Sims(1) dated 3 December 1918 to Alusna, Christiania writing that the US Government might consider to offer some of her wooden ship Ferris type 3500 deadweight.(2) If this could be of some interest for Norway Simms’ advice was to make discreet inquiries and cable view to possible purchasers.

Notes

1. William Sowden Sims (15 October 1858 Port Hope, Canada West-28 September 1936 Boston, Massachusetts, USA), commander-in-chief of the US naval forces in Europe during the First World War. Served in the US Navy between 1880-1922 ending in the rank of admiral.

2. Wood built steamship with a deadweight of about 3,500 ton designed by naval architect Theodore E. Ferris (Design EFC 1100).

Source

National Archive. Misc. Material Print File World War August 1918-January 1922. Drawer 3. Microfilm No. T829-403. 

American admiral Sims pointed out the importance of collecting German submarine knowledge in December 1918

An item referred to a cable telegram of Force Commander Wm.S. Sims(1) dated Paris 2 December 1918 to admiral W.S. Benson (2) he wrote that apparently the Secretary of the Navy Daniels (3) did not fully understood what the situation was and Sims urged to reconsider the issue. Daniels wrote on 1 December to Benson that an expert party was enough and that no German submarines were to be sent to the USA. At that moment was a large number of by the Germans surrendered submarines lying in British harbors and under the terms of the Armistice owned by the Allies including the USA. The British authorities would inspect and examine very critically those submarines. The technical branches of the Admiralty would benefit of the results. France would also take advantage of what is going on with the transfer on short notice of some submarines to French harbors. Sims stated that the USA should have the same opportunity as the United Kingdom and France to obtain the technical knowledge as a result of a thoroughly inspection and examination. To get this knowledge it was necessary to obtain some submarines and sent those to the USA. The American inspection party was at that moment present at Harwich, United Kingdom stating that there was enough vital technical information in sight to keep all available personnel employed for a longer period in service. Also it was impossible to obtain complete data without docking, operating, testing and dismantling meaning that submarines had to be sent to the USA. There was no discussion about a permanent ownership of submarines by the USA as was to be decided by the Peace Conference. On the other hand the USA should have the same opportunity to obtain the technical knowledge as the United Kingdom and France had.

Notes

1. William Sowden Sims (15 October 1858 Port Hope, Canada West-28 September 1936 Boston, Massachusetts, USA), commander-in-chief of the US naval forces in Europe during the First World War. Served in the US Navy between 1880-1922 ending in the rank of admiral.

2. William Shepherd Benson (25 September 1855 Bibb County, Georgia, USA-20 May 1932 (Washington D.C., USA). Served in the US Navy between 1877-1929 ending in the rank of admiral. Chief of Naval Operations (CNO) 11 May 1915-25 September 1919.

3. Secretary of the Navy between 5 March 1913-4 March 1921 was Josephus Daniels (18 May 1862 Washington, USA-15 January 1948 Raleigh, North Carolina, USA). Assistant Secretary between 1913-1920 was Franklin Delano Roosevelt.

Source

National Archive. Misc. Material Print File World War August 1918-January 1922. Drawer 3. Microfilm No. T829-403. 

Spanish torpedo boat T-4 1912-1838

©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

International call sign GRSD. Part of T-class preceded by Ariete-class succeeded by German S-boats. Between 1912-1922 were totally 22 of the planned 24 boats built by Sociedad Española de Construcción Naval, Cartagena, Spain based on the French Bourrasque-torpedo boats class design from Chantiers et Ateliers A. Normand, Le Havre, France.  Launched in 1912 and sunk in April 1939.Dimensions 50 (maximum) x 5,00 (maximum) x 3.20 x 1.47 metres. Maximum displacement 180 ton. Number of screws 3. Maximum speed 26,00 knots. Coal bunker capacity 1,000 ton. Crew numbered 31 men. Armament 3-4.7cm Vickers guns, 1x45cm and 1x2-45cm torpedo tubes. 

Navypedia claims developed with support of the British firm Vickers and based on the French Cyclone-class of Norman. Building authorized under the law dated 7 January 1908. Harald Fock. Schwarze Gesellen. Torpedoboote bis 1914 also mentioned the Cyclone-class as basic design.

Sources

T-1 class

Lista official de los buques de Guerra y mercantes de España 1925. 

Sale of the Dutch whaler de Soete Naam at Amsterdam, Netherlands in 1767

An item mentioned that ship brokers W. de Vries, D. van Schorrenberg, H. Moens and T. Beth Ysbrandsz sold at Nieuwezyds Heeren Logement at Amsterdam, Netherlands on Monday 12 October 1767 the extra ordinary sailing fluytship de Soete Naam, commandeur Jan Strop, built in 1754, length 110 Amsterdam feet, 11,800 guilders, stroke 1,100, G. Clifford.(1)

Note

1. Jan Cornelisz Strop, Greenland commandeur 1733-1767, 1767 for Joannes van Wayenburg, Amsterdam 1 whale-45 barrels blubber-63 quardelen whale oil. Alphabetische naam-lyst van alle de Groenlandsche en Straat-Davidsche Commandeurs die sedert het jaar 1700 op Groenland en sedert het jaar 1719 op de Straat Davis etc. Gerret van Sant. Published by Johannes Enschede, Amsterdam 1770, with hand written notes until 1794.

Source

De Maandelyksche Nederlandsche Mercurius, Volume 22, October part 1, Amsterdam, 1767.

People in the 17th and 18th centuries held a different geographical view than people today. This means that when we speak of “Greenland whaling”, “the term “Greenland” actually refers to Svalbard, whereas “Davis Strait” refers to whaling off the coast of present-day Greenland. The Davis Strait is a southern arm of the Arctic Ocean that lies north of the Labrador Sea. It lies between mid-western Greenland and Baffin Island in Nunavut, Canada.

Sale of the Dutch whaler Josua at Amsterdam, Netherlands in 1767

An item mentioned that ship brokers W. de Vries, D. van Schorrenberg and T. Beth Ysbrandsz sold at Nieuwezyds Heeren Logement at Amsterdam, Netherlands on Monday 12 October 1767 the extra ordinary sailing fluytship Josua, commandeur Fopke Jacobsz Flieger, built in 1751, length 115 Amsterdam foot, 17,000 guilders, stroke 600 guilders, V. de Vries.(1)

Note

1. Foppe Jacobsz Vlieger Greenland commandeur 1745, 1758, 1760, 1762-1763 and Davis Strait commandeur 1746-1747, 1749-1759, 1761, 1764-1776, 1767 for Johannes van Wayenburg, Amsterdam, 1.5 whale-74 barrels blubber-102 quardelen wahle oil. Alphabetische naam-lyst van alle de Groenlandsche en Straat-Davidsche Commandeurs die sedert het jaar 1700 op Groenland en sedert het jaar 1719 op de Straat Davis etc. Gerret van Sant. Published by Johannes Enschede, Amsterdam 1770, with hand written notes until 1794.

Source

De Maandelyksche Nederlandsche Mercurius, Volume 22, October part 1, Amsterdam, 1767.

People in the 17th and 18th centuries held a different geographical view than people today. This means that when we speak of “Greenland whaling”, “the term “Greenland” actually refers to Svalbard, whereas “Davis Strait” refers to whaling off the coast of present-day Greenland. The Davis Strait is a southern arm of the Arctic Ocean that lies north of the Labrador Sea. It lies between mid-western Greenland and Baffin Island in Nunavut, Canada.

Japanese cargo ship Mitakesan Maru 1937-1944

©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Similar Kaisyo Maru (1937), Kunisima Maru (1937), Mitakesan Maru (1937), Sinyo Maru (1938), Toyo Maru (1937) and Toyo Maru No. 2 1937). Call sign JHOL. Owner in 1939 Kabaragi Kisen K.K., Tokyo, Japan. Laid down by Harima Shipbuilding&Engineering Co. Ltd., Harima, Japan on 9 June 1937, launched on 6 November 1937, completed on 21 January 1938, requsitioned by the navy on 22 August 1941, converted into an auxiliary transport between 3-30 September 1941, torpedoed and sunk by American submarine USS Sandlance (SS-381) around 20 nautical miles west of Lalo point on 11 May 1944 and stricken on 10 July 1944. Gross tonnage 4,442 tons, net tonnage 2,578 tons and as dimensions 363.6 x 50.0 x 20.0 x 9.5/11 (light)-24 (loaded) feet. Steam turbine propulsion, 1 screw, coal fuelled, coal bunker capacity 880 tons, range 8,700 nautical miles/13 knots and speed 13 (normal cruising)-16.5 (maximum) knots. 

Merchant ship Pleïade chartered by France for the expedition to China in 1860

In 1856 broke the Second Opium War out as a result of western powers trying to force the Chinese Qing dynasty to open the frontiers for foreign trade and to obtain more influence. A treaty signed in 1858 was to end the war and give the western powers more or less what they wanted. A combined British-America-French effort to pass the Taku forts and go on to Pei-ho (nowadays Hai River) failed and France and the United Kingdom decided to sent out a combined expedition with the first French ships leaving France on 5 December 1859. A joint ultimatum of both countries dated 8 March 1860 was refused on 8 April 1860 followed by fighting. To transport their troops and stores France and especially England hired several merchant ships.

Source

Léopold Pallu de La Barrière. Expédition de Chine en 1860. Paris, Imprimerie Impériale, 1863, p. 15. 

Dutch tanker m/v Sliedrecht 1923-1939

Exhibition Varen voor Vrijheid. Museum Katwijk

Laid down with yard number 92 by De Rotterdamsche Droogdok Maatschappij N.V., Rotterdam, Netherlands on 21 June 1923, launched on 31 May 1924, delivered to owner N.V. Maatschappij m.s. Sliedrecht, manager N.V. Stoomvaart Maatschapp DE Maas, shareholder Phs. Van Ommeren’s Scheepvaartbedrijf N.V., all at Rotterdam on 10 September 1924 and torpedoed and sunk underway from Abadan, Iran towards Trondheim, Norway 150 miles west of Ireland by German submarine U 28 on 16 November 1939.

The armament of the Dutch merchant ship Boissevain in the Second World War

According to the list and supplements 1-2 on 13 September 1945 BDZ No. 67 3 sent by the office of armament the Royal Netherlands Navy located at 41 East 42nd Street, New York 17, USA. There were no complete records available, so there were several sources used to compile the list. Sometimes the kind of guns gave indirect information regarding the origin such as 4”/BL and 12 pounder guns were British mostly supplied in the United Kingdom, Canada or Curacao. The 4.7” guns were old Japanese guns placed on some vessels in the begin of the war at Singapore and some 4” guns in the same period at Surabaya, Dutch East Indies. The trade in which the ship was used gave also an indication were the guns were supplied, for example involved in the Pacific trade means supplied at the West Coast.

Armed with 6-2cm guns supplied at New Orleans, USA on 3 June 1942.  

Source

Archieven van hoofd handelsbescherming en diverse handelsbeschermingsofficieren 1941-1946 inv.no. 53 (Nationaal Archief, The Hague, Netherlands. 

French minesweeping sloop Regulus 1917-1935

©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

The Arabis-class was built under the Emergency War Programme of the First World War. At the end of 1914 was the design completed and in July 1915 were 36 ships in 3 batches ordered for the British Royal Navy. British shipyards built an additional 8 vessels for the French Navy. Part of Arabis-class preceded by Azalea- and Acacia classes and preceded by Aubrietia-class. The Arabis-class was just like 4 other subclasses part of the so-called Flower-class, the later also known as Cabbage-class or the Herbaceous Borders. Ordered in September 1916. Launched by Barclay Curle and Company, Whiteinch, Scotland on 19 March 1917, delivered to France in 1917 and deleted in 1935. 

American whaler Darmouth visited Honolulu, Hawaii according to the newspaper The Polynesian dated 16 October 1853

Biodiversity Heritage Library

An item reported the arrival at Honolulu, Hawaii on 13 October of the American whaler Darmouth master Manchester of New Bedford from Ochotsk 200 barrels sperm oil 2,800 barrels whale oil 18,000 lbs bone.

American whaler Robin Hood visited Honolulu, Hawaii according to the newspaper The Polynesian dated 16 October 1853

Biodiversity Heritage Library

An item reported the arrival at Honolulu, Hawaii on 13 October of the American whaler Robin Hood master M’Ginley of Mystic coming from Ochotsk 370 barrels sperm oil 3,00 barrels whale oil 1,290 lbs bone

Thai protected cruiser annex royal yacht Maha Chakri 1892-1916

©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Launched at Ramage and Ferguson Ltd., Leith, Scotland on 27 June 1892, completed in November 1893 and stricken in June 1916, hull sold to Kawasaki in 1917 and engines and fittings reused for a Kawasaki Co., Kobe, Japan built similar named royal yacht in 1918. Designed by George Lennox Watson. Royal Yacht. 

Airship sheds under construction at Aubagne, France according to the Kriegsnachrichten of the Chef des Admiralstabes der Marine dated Berlin 23 August 1917

An item reported that according to a French soldier on 26 July were at Aubagne along the road Toulon-Marseille, France some sheds for airships under construction. Also floatplanes for anti submarine warfare were there stationed. A German who was exchanged confirmed this report adding that at Aubagne 19 (?) airships would be stationed.

Source

Bundesarchiv RM-40-622

Shipping heading to the east van Gibraltar according to the Kriegsnachrichten of the Chef des Admiralstabes der Marine dated Berlin 23 August 1917

An item reported that between 18-20 August the shipping traffic from Gibraltar to the east consisted of 1 British steamship, 1 American steam tanker (2 guns), 1 Italian auxiliary cruiser. Part of a convoy: 1 British steamship, 1 American steam tanker and 2 Italian steamships.

Source

Bundesarchiv RM-40-622

British destroyer HMS Maori 1909-1915

HMS Cossack, Tribal-class©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Part of Tribal- or F-class preceded by River- of E-class and succeeded by Beagle- or G-class. First Sea Lord Fisher asked for a 33 knots destroyer in November 1904 and to be fitted out with oil-fuelled boilers and steam turbines. While the design details were left to the individual shipyards as common at the time there were quite what differences in details and appearance especially dealing with the number of funnels. HMS Cossack and Ghurka had three funnels but their sister ship HMS Viking even six. The class had also two masts of which a light mainmast aft. Totally 12 completed. Built under the 1907-1908 Programme. Laid down by William Denny&Brothers, Dumbarton, Scotland on 6 August 1909, launched on 24 May 1909, commissioned on 11 November 1909 and sunk after striking a mine off the Wielingen Light Ship, Zeebrugge, Belgium on 7 May 1915. 

American whaler Mary Ann visited Hillo, Hawaii according to the newspaper The Polynesian dated 22 October 1853

Biodiversity Heritage Library

An item reported the arrival at Hillo, Hawaii on 9 October of the American whaler Mary Ann master Dallman of Fairhaven 100 barrels sperm oil 1,100 barrels whale oil 3,000 lbs bone

American whaler Mercury visited Hillo, Hawaii according to the newspaper The Polynesian dated 22 October 1853

An item reported the arrival at Hillo, Hawaii on 9 October of the American whaler Mercury master Dimon of New Bedford 2,000 barrels whale oil 40,000 lbs bone.

Japanese auxiliary patrol boat No. 2130 cancelled in 1945

©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

No. 1-class patrol boat/Type B ordered under the 1943-1944 Programme to be part of the coastal forces. Of the 280 ordered were just 56 laid down and even a less number finally completed when the Second World War ended. To serve as convoy escorts were the boats also fitted out with minesweeping gears. Based on a traditional wood built fishing boat. With a displacement of 238 tons and as dimensions 93.5 (between perpendiculars)-105. 3/4 (over all) x 20.2 x 7.75 feet. Geared diesel propulsion with 400bhp via one shaft and speed 9 knots. Crew numbered 26 men. Armament consisted of 2/4x1-2.5cm guns and 8-12 depth charges. 

American whaler Caroline visited Hillo, Hawaii according to the newspaper The Polynesian dated 22 October 1853

Biodiversity Heritage Library

An item reported the arrival at Hillo, Hawaii on 9 October of the American whaler Caroline master Gifford of New Bedford 130 barrels sperm oil 100 barrels whale oil.

American whaler Benjamin Morgan visited Hillo, Hawaii according to the newspaper The Polynesian dated 22 October 1853

An item reported the arrival at Hillo, Hawaii on 8 October of the American whaler Benjamin Morgan master Chapel of New Bedford 2,600 barrels whale oil 26,000 lbs bone.

Russian dry cargo carrier Sergei Tjulenin 1950-

©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Part of Telnovsk- or alsoknown as Tissa-class. Project 650. Built in Hungary in 1950. Principal dimensions 64.6 (between perpendiculars)-70.2 (over all) x 10.0 (moulded) x 5.3 (depth to main deck) x 15.0 (height of mast acorn above main deck) feet. For more details see also Hungarian Ships History

Merchant ship Lebanon chartered by France for the expedition to China in 1860

In 1856 broke the Second Opium War out as a result of western powers trying to force the Chinese Qing dynasty to open the frontiers for foreign trade and to obtain more influence. A treaty signed in 1858 was to end the war and give the western powers more or less what they wanted. A combined British-America-French effort to pass the Taku forts and go on to Pei-ho (nowadays Hai River) failed and France and the United Kingdom decided to sent out a combined expedition with the first French ships leaving France on 5 December 1859. A joint ultimatum of both countries dated 8 March 1860 was refused on 8 April 1860 followed by fighting. To transport their troops and stores France and especially England hired several merchant ships.

Source

Léopold Pallu de La Barrière. Expédition de Chine en 1860. Paris, Imprimerie Impériale, 1863, p. 15. 

The armament of the Dutch merchant ship Boschfontein in the Second World War

According to the list and supplements 1-2 on 13 September 1945 BDZ No. 673 sent by the office of armament the Royal Netherlands Navy located at 41 East 42nd Street, New York 17, USA. There were no complete records available, so there were several sources used to compile the list. Sometimes the kind of guns gave indirect information regarding the origin such as 4”/BL and 12 pounder guns were British mostly supplied in the United Kingdom, Canada or Curacao. The 4.7” guns were old Japanese guns placed on some vessels in the begin of the war at Singapore and some 4” guns in the same period at Surabaya, Dutch East Indies. The trade in which the ship was used gave also an indication where the guns were supplied, for example involved in the Pacific trade means supplied at the West Coast.

Armed with 4-2cm guns.  

Source

Archieven van hoofd handelsbescherming en diverse handelsbeschermingsofficieren 1941-1946 inv.no. 53 (Nationaal Archief, The Hague, Netherlands. 

Russian dry cargo carrier Daugava 1958-

Sister ship Andizhan©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Part of Andizhan-class/Design 251/Project 1850. Built by VEB Schiffswerft Neptun, Rostock, German Democratic Republic (GDR) or East Germany in 1958. Principal dimensions 95.81 (between perpendiculars)-104.2 (over all) x 11.40  (moulded) x 7.92 (depth to main deck) x 22.0 (height of mast acorn above main deck) feet. 

American whaler Jas. Maury spoken according to the newspaper The Polynesian dated 16 October 1853

An item referred to American whaler Magnolia which arrived on 13 October at Honolulu, Hawaii reporting in the Arctic Sea on 27 August the American whaler Jas. Maury master Whelden 3 whales.

American whaler California spoken according to the newspaper The Polynesian dated 16 October 1853

An item referred to American whaler Magnolia which arrived on 13 October at Honolulu, Hawaii reporting in the Arctic Sea on 27 August the American whaler California master Wood of New Bedford 5 whales

Russian dry cargo carrier Vilkovo 1960-

Sister ship Tartu©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Built by Hungarian Shipyard&Crane Factory (Ganz-Danubius), Budapest, Hungary in 1960. Part of Tartu-clas. Principal dimensions 67.00 (between perpendiculars)-74.54 (over all) x 11.30 (moulded) x 5.32 (depth to main deck) x 24.50 height of mast acorn above main deck) feet. 

Whaling tools of commandeur Pieter Willems van Groningn sold at Amsterdam, Netherlands on 27 November 1770

An item mentioned that shipbrokers sold in ‘t Nieuwezys Heeren Loogement, Amsterdam on 27 November 1780 an extra ordinary set of whaling tools of the deceased commandeur Pieter Willems van Groningen for 3,800 at stroke 4 Dutch guilders to A. Kramp for his master. (1)

Note

1. Pieter Willemsz van Groningen Davis Strait commandeur for Jan en Christiaan vanTarelink 1774-1780, 1780: 1/5 whale-75 barrels blubber-108 quardelen whale oil. Past away at Amsterdam on 13 November 1780. Alphabetische naam-lyst van alle de Groenlandsche en Straat-Davidsche Commandeurs die sedert het jaar 1700 op Groenland en sedert het jaar 1719 op de Straat Davis etc. Gerret van Sant. Published by Johannes Enschede, Amsterdam 1770, with hand written notes until 1794.

Source

De Maandelyksche Nederlandsche Mercurius, November1780.

People in the 17th and 18th centuries held a different geographical view than people today. This means that when we speak of “Greenland whaling”, “the term “Greenland” actually refers to Svalbard, whereas “Davis Strait” refers to whaling off the coast of present-day Greenland. The Davis Strait is a southern arm of the Arctic Ocean that lies north of the Labrador Sea. It lies between mid-western Greenland and Baffin Island in Nunavut, Canada.

Sale of 1/32 share in the Dutch Greenland whaler de Goede Verwachting sold at Amsterdam, Netherlands in 1767

An item mentioned that ship brokers J. de Flienes, V. de Vries, T, Beth Ysbrandsz, A. Kramp, D. des Ruelles de Jonge and H. Moens sold at Nieuwezyds Heeren Logement at Amsterdam, Netherlands on Monday 21 September 1767 1/32 share in the fluytship de Goede Verwachting and whaling tools of commandeur Rikkert Roos, built in 1751, length 112.10 feet, lying at Amsterdam, returned from Greenland with 6-7 boats, results 1 1/2 whale, 60 barrels blubber, bookkeeper P. Clockener, 350 guilders, stroke 3 guilders, P. Clockener.(1)

Note

1. Greenland commandeur between 1756-1774, 1767 for Pieter Klockener, Amsterdam. 1 whale-60 barrels blubber-96 quardelen whale oil. Alphabetische naam-lyst van alle de Groenlandsche en Straat-Davidsche Commandeurs die sedert het jaar 1700 op Groenland en sedert het jaar 1719 op de Straat Davis etc. Gerret van Sant. Published by Johannes Enschede, Amsterdam 1770, with hand written notes until 1794.

Source

De Maandelyksche Nederlandsche Mercurius, Volume 22, September, Amsterdam, 1767.

People in the 17th and 18th centuries held a different geographical view than people today. This means that when we speak of “Greenland whaling”, “the term “Greenland” actually refers to Svalbard, whereas “Davis Strait” refers to whaling off the coast of present-day Greenland. The Davis Strait is a southern arm of the Arctic Ocean that lies north of the Labrador Sea. It lies between mid-western Greenland and Baffin Island in Nunavut, Canada.

French destroyer Chacal 1923-1940

Admiral Sénés.©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Chacal-class©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Guépard-class©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Part of the Chacal or Jaguar-class succeeded by Guépard-class, main task was to act as scouts for the battle line. Total six build. In the designing process was a 1,780 tons design armed with 5-10cm.3.8” guns of early 1920 not approved by the French Parliament. A new design was made on base of the designs of the Italian Leone-class and the German destroyer SM 113 which was after the First World War handed over to France as war reparations and commissioned in the French navy as Admiral Sénés. The new design was approved under the 1922 Naval Law. Ordered on 26 February 1923. Laid down by Ateliers et Chantier de Penhoët, Saint Nazaire, France on 18 September 1923, launched on 27 September 1924, commissioned on 1 May 1926, completed on 28 July 1926, commissioned on 1 May 1926, taken into service on 23 December 1926 and heavily during a German air attack off Boulogne-sur-Mer beached on 24 May 1940. 

Merchant ships and warships lying at Gibraltar according to the Kriegsnachrichten of the Chef des Admiralstabes der Marine dated Berlin 23 August 1917

Pelorus-class©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

An item reported that on 20 August at Gibraltar were lying the British cruiser HMS Pelorus (1), 3 auxiliary cruiser yachts, 1 Italian auxiliary cruiser, 1 Italian passenger steamship and 9 cargo steamships.

Note

1. Laid down at the Sheerness dockyard in 1896, commissioned on 15 December 1896 and sold to be broken up in 1920. Building costs 154.315 pond sterling. Of the Pelorus-3rd class cruisers, designed by chief constructor of the British Royal Navy Sir William White (2 February 1845 Plymouth, England-27 February 1913 London, England), consisting of the Pactolus, Pandora, Pegasus, Pelorus, Perseus, Pioneer, Pomone, Prometheus, Proserpine, Psyche and Pyramus, preceded by the Arrogant-class and succeeded by the Highflyer-class.

Source

Bundesarchiv RM-40-622

Allies lying minefields in the Mediterranean according to the Kriegsnachrichten No. 60 of the Chef des Admiralstabes der Marine dated 28 June 1918

An item referring to a reliable agent reported that at Toulon, France end May considerable amounts of mines were provided. Shipping lanes in the Mediterranean were to be protected by minefields.

Source

Bundesarchiv RM-40-622

British light cruiser HMS Manchester 1936-1942

Arethusa-class. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Town-class Southampton-subclass. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Crown Colony-class. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Dido-class. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Part of Town-class Gloucester-subclass preceded by Arethusa-class succeeded by Crown Colony- and Dido-classes. Divided in three subclasses Southampton, Gloucester and Edinburgh. Originally to be named Minotaur- or M-class but in November 1934 called Town-class. Pennant C15. Laid down by Hawthorn, Leslie, Hebburn on 28 March 1936, launched on 12 April 1937, commissioned on 4 August 1938, torpedoed by Italian motor torpedo boats during Operation Pedestal (Malta convoy) near Kelbia, French Tunesia and scuttled on 13 August 1942.