Cyprus-flagged, homeport Limassol, IMO 9516399, MMSI 209677000 and call sign 5BHF5. Vanuatu-flagged 2009-2019. Owner/manager Safe Bulkers Management Ltd, Limassol, Cyprus. Built by Shin Kasado Dockyard Co. Ltd, Kudamatsu, Japan in 2009
In 1856 broke the Second Opium War out as a result of western powers trying to force the Chinese Qing dynasty to open the frontiers for foreign trade and to obtain more influence. A treaty signed in 1858 was to end the war and give the western powers more or less what they wanted. A combined British-America-French effort to pass the Taku forts and go on to Pei-ho (nowadays Hai River) failed and France and the United Kingdom decided to sent out a combined expedition with the first French ships leaving France on 5 December 1859. A joint ultimatum of both countries dated 8 March 1860 was refused on 8 April 1860 followed by fighting. To transport their troops and stores France and especially England hired several merchant ships.
Source
Léopold Pallu de La Barrière. Expédition de Chine en 1860. Paris, Imprimerie Impériale, 1863, p. 15.
An item reported that on 1 July the Greek merchant ship Adamastos , tonnage 7,466 tons, loaded with cereals, underway from Las Palmas, Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain to Avonmouth, England was shelled by two submarines 420 miles west of Brest, Framce. Not part of convoy.
Source
National Archive UK. CAB-66-9-42.
©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Part of Telnovsk- or alsoknown as Tissa-class. Project 650. Built in Hungary in 1950. Principal dimensions 64.6 (between perpendiculars)-70.2 (over all) x 10.0 (moulded) x 5.3 (depth to main deck) x 15.0 (height of mast acorn above main deck) feet. For more details see also Hungarian Ships History
Bookkeeper Lourens Visser, Amsterdam
1715
Whales 3.5 Barrels blubber 180
1716
Whales 3.5 Barrels blubber 105
Bookkeeper Jacob Visser, Amsterdam
1717
Whales 1 Barrels blubber 40
1718
Whales 2 3/4 Barrels blubber 130
1719
Whales 0 Barrels blubber 0
1720
Whales 2 Barrels blubber 140
1721
Whales 3 Barrels blubber 110
1722
Whales 5 1/4 Barrels blubber 150
1723
Whales 0 Barrels blubber 0
1724
Whales 2 Barrels blubber 80
1725
Whales 3 Barrels blubber 90
1726
Whales 0 Barrels blubber 0
Totals
Whales 26 Barrels blubber 1,025
Source
Alphabetische naam-lyst van alle de Groenlandsche en Straat-Davidsche Commandeurs die sedert het jaar 1700 op Groenland en sedert het jaar 1719 op de Straat Davis etc. Gerret van Sant. Published by Johannes Enschede, Amsterdam 1770, with hand written notes until 1794.
Bookkeeper Jacob Koning, Rotterdam
1707
Whales 1.5 Barrels blubber 80
1708
Whales 6 Barrels blubber 120
Bookkeeper Jacob Beyerman, Rotterdam
1709
Whales 2 Barrels blubber 70
1710
Whales 1 Barrels blubber 45
1711
Whales 2 Barrels blubber 60
Hnedrik van Esterweegen, Amsterdam
1717
Whales 0 Barrels blubber 0
1718
Whales 1 Barrels blubber 50
1719
Whales 0 Barrels blubber 0
Total
Whales 13.5 Barrels blubber 425
Source
Alphabetische naam-lyst van alle de Groenlandsche en Straat-Davidsche Commandeurs die sedert het jaar 1700 op Groenland en sedert het jaar 1719 op de Straat Davis etc. Gerret van Sant. Published by Johannes Enschede, Amsterdam 1770, with hand written notes until 1794.
©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Part of Andizhan-class/Design 251/Project 1850. Built by VEB Schiffswerft Neptun, Rostock, German Democratic Republic (GDR) or East Germany in 1958. Owner Azov Steamship Company. Principal dimensions 95.81 (between perpendiculars)-104.2 (over all) x 11.40 (moulded) x 7.92 (depth to main deck) x 22.0 (height of mast acorn above main deck) feet.
An item reported that the American whaler Europa arriving at Laihana, Hawaii on 5 October spoke the American whaler Endeavor 6 whales, mate killed by a whale.
An item reported that the American whaler Europa arriving at Laihana, Hawaii on 5 October spoke the American whaler Rambler 6 whales.
An item reported that the American whaler Europa arriving at Laihana, Hawaii on 5 October spoke the American whaler Florida 1,150 barrels oil.
Sister ship Tartu©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Built by Hungarian Shipyard&Crane Factory (Ganz-Danubius), Budapest, Hungary in 1960. Part of Tartu-clas. Principal dimensions 67.00 (between perpendiculars)-74.54 (over all) x 11.30 (moulded) x 5.32 (depth to main deck) x 24.50 height of mast acorn above main deck) feet.
An item reported that on 30 June the Greek merchant ship Georgios Kyriakides, tonnage 4,201 tons, loaded with sugar , underway from ... to Liverpool, England was torpedoed 210 miles west south west of Fastnet. Not part of convoy. Crew landed at Milford.
Source
National Archive UK. CAB-66-9-42.
According to the list and supplements 1-2 on 13 September 1945 BDZ No. 673 sent by the office of armament the Royal Netherlands Navy located at 41 East 42nd Street, New York 17, USA. There were no complete records available, so there were several sources used to compile the list. Sometimes the kind of guns gave indirect information regarding the origin such as 4”/BL and 12 pounder guns were British mostly supplied in the United Kingdom, Canada or Curacao. The 4.7” guns were old Japanese guns placed on some vessels in the begin of the war at Singapore and some 4” guns in the same period at Surabaya, Dutch East Indies. The trade in which the ship was used gave also an indication were the guns were supplied, for example involved in the Pacific trade means supplied at the West Coast.
Armed with 1-10,16cm/4” breech loading Mk, VII guns.
Source
Archieven van hoofd handelsbescherming en diverse handelsbeschermingsofficieren 1941-1946 inv.no. 53 (Nationaal Archief, The Hague, Netherlands.
Sister ship Saltykov-Shchedrin©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Homeport Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Part of Saltyjov-Shchedrin-class trawlers. Built by Josef Boel&Zonen, Boelwerf, Temse, Belgium in December 1951. Principal dimensions 85,15 (between perpendiculars)-92.05 (over all) x 13.53 (moulded) x 5.74 (depth to main deck) x 21.00 (height of mast acorn above main deck) feet. Loaded draught 5.37 (fore)-5.91 (aft)-5.65 (mean) metres. Deadweight 3,030 tons, gross tonnage 2,672 tons and net tonnage 1,008 tons.
Mentioned between 1644-1658, tonnage 600 tons, armament 40 guns.
Fonseca mentioned a Santa Maria de Esperanca in 1645 and a nau Santo Antonio da Esperance in 1647
Sources
Quirino da Fonseca. Os Portugueses no mar, vol 1, 1926
A. Marques Esparteira. Catalogo dos navios brigantinos (1640-1901). Lisboa, 1976.
Mentioned between 1640-1645, tonnage 400 tons, armament 29 guns.
Sources
Quirino da Fonseca. Os Portugueses no mar, vol 1, 1926
A. Marques Esparteira. Catalogo dos navios brigantinos (1640-1901). Lisboa, 1976.
©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Built under the Emergency War Programme of the First World War. At the end of 1914 was the design completed and in July 1915 were 36 ships in 3 batches ordered for the British Royal Navy. British shipyards built an additional 8 vessels for the French Navy. Part of Arabis-class preceded by Azalea- and Acacia classes and preceded by Aubrietia-class. The Arabis-class was just like 4 other subclasses part of the so-called Flower-class, the later also known as Cabbage-class or the Herbaceous Borders. Launched by Blyth Shipbuilding and Dry Dock, Blyth, England on 9 November 1915 and sold to be scrapped on 13 October 1933.
An item reported that the American whaler Europa arriving at Laihana, Hawaii on 5 October spoke the American whaler Minerva 800 barrels oil.
An item reported that the American whaler Europa arriving at Laihana, Hawaii on 5 October spoke the American whaler Delaware on 27 August wanted 2 whales to fill.
An item reported that the American whaler Europa arriving at Laihana, Hawaii on 5 October spoke the American whaler Cabinet 300 barrels oil, to fill.
©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
No. 1-class patrol boat/Type B ordered under the 1943-1944 Programme to be part of the coastal forces. Of the 280 ordered were just 56 laid down and even a less number finally completed when the Second World War ended. To serve as convoy escorts were the boats also fitted out with minesweeping gears. Based on a traditional wood built fishing boat. With a displacement of 238 tons and as dimensions 93.5 (between perpendiculars)-105. 3/4 (over all) x 20.2 x 7.75 feet. Geared diesel propulsion with 400bhp via one shaft and speed 9 knots. Crew numbered 26 men. Armament consisted of 2/4x1-2.5cm guns and 8-12 depth charges.
An item mentioned that ship brokers G. de Myn and V. de Vries sold at Nieuwezyds Heeren Logement at Amsterdam, Netherlands on Monday 14 September 1767 the bootship or fluytship de Herstelder, commandeur was Ryk Harmens, built in 1761, dimensions 82.25 x 18.8 x 11.4 above 5.9 Amsterdammer feet, 3,200 guilders, stroke 4 guilders, J.N. van Eys.(1)
Note
1. Ryk Harmensz, Greenland commandeur for director Nicolaas Anthony van Hoorn, Amsterdam between 1767-1772, 0 whales=48 barrels blubber-59 quardelen whale oil. Caught one ‘Combaars’ [Humpback whale].
Alphabetische naam-lyst van alle de Groenlandsche en Straat-Davidsche Commandeurs die sedert het jaar 1700 op Groenland en sedert het jaar 1719 op de Straat Davis etc. Gerret van Sant. Published by Johannes Enschede, Amsterdam 1770, with hand written notes until 1794.
Source
De Maandelyksche Nederlandsche Mercurius, Volume 22, September, Amsterdam, 1767.
An item mentioned that ship brokers J. de Files, V. de Vries, T. Beth Ysbrands and T. van Lingen sold at Nieuwezyds Heeren Logement at Amsterdam, Netherlands on Monday 13 July 1767 1/32 share in the whaling tools of commandeur Cornelis Swan, went with a chartered ship towards Greenland with 6-7 boats, to be sold without restrictions, bookkeeper Pieter Swan, 50 guilders, stroke 25 guilders, not sold.(1)
Note
1. Greenland commandeur between 1751-1768, 1768 for director Pieter Swan, Oostzaan, Netherlands, 1/2 whale-25 barrels blubber-40 quardelen whale oil-25 walrusses. Alphabetische naam-lyst van alle de Groenlandsche en Straat-Davidsche Commandeurs die sedert het jaar 1700 op Groenland en sedert het jaar 1719 op de Straat Davis etc. Gerret van Sant. Published by Johannes Enschede, Amsterdam 1770, with hand written notes until 1794.
Source
De Maandelyksche Nederlandsche Mercurius, Volume 22, July, Amsterdam, 1767.
Oranjewind-park, North Sea 24 September 2026
Germany-flagged, homeport Bremen, IMO 9603453, MMSI 218781000 and call sign DMEH. Built by Crist, Gdansk, Poland in 2012. Owner/manager Deme Offshore NL BV, Breda, Netherlands.
An item referring to a reliable agent reported that in the new harbour of Villefrance was a shed for float planes especially for the transport of military post from and to Corsica.
Source
Bundesarchiv RM-40-622
An item reported that on 29 June the Greek merchant ship Frangoula Goulandris, tonnage 6,701 tons, loaded with ... , underway from Cork, Ireland to Panama Canal was torpedoed off the Irish coast. Of her crew were 26 survivors landed at San Sebastian. No part of convoy.
Source
National Archive UK. CAB-66-9-42.
Oranjewind-park, North Sea 24 September 2026
Luxembourg-flagged, IMO 9911032, MMSI 253726000 and call sign LXLE. Built by China Merchants Jiangsu Shipyard, Jiangsu, China in 2023. Owner/manager Dredging&Maritime Management SA, Capellen, Luxemburg. Also called a crane ship.
An item reported that after 28 June the British merchant ship Guido, tonnage 3.931 tons, loaded with ..., underway from Plymouth to ... was ... Part of convoy not. Reported from the USA to have been sunk by a submarine. Later became clear that she survived the encounter with an enemy submarine. However she was torpedoed and sunk by the German submarine U-633 on 8 March 1943.
Source
National Archive UK. CAB-66-9-42.
According to the list and supplements 1-2 on 13 September 1945 BDZ No. 673 sent by the office of armament the Royal Netherlands Navy located at 41 East 42nd Street, New York 17, USA. There were no complete records available, so there were several sources used to compile the list. Sometimes the kind of guns gave indirect information regarding the origin such as 4”/BL and 12 pounder guns were British mostly supplied in the United Kingdom, Canada or Curacao. The 4.7” guns were old Japanese guns placed on some vessels in the begin of the war at Singapore and some 4” guns in the same period at Surabaya, Dutch East Indies. The trade in which the ship was used gave also an indication were the guns were supplied, for example involved in the Pacific trade means supplied at the West Coast.
Armed with 1-12pd HA Mk. IX gun.
Source
Archieven van hoofd handelsbescherming en diverse handelsbeschermingsofficieren 1941-1946 inv.no. 53 (Nationaal Archief, The Hague, Netherlands.
Oranjewind-park, North Sea 24 September 2026
San Marino-flagged, IMO 9065455, MMSI 268245101 and call sign T7BC6. As fishing vessel Vertrouwen Netherlands-flagged, homeport Texel, owner/manager Van de Vis, Amsterdam, Netherlands MMSI 244567000 and call sign PIFT. Built by Scheepswerf Haak, Zaandam, Netherlands in 1993. Owner/manager Van Laar Maritime B.B.
Also called nau, mentioned between 1640-1650, tonnage 550 tons, armament 26 guns and crew of 222 men.
Sources
Quirino da Fonseca. Os Portugueses no mar, vol 1, 1926
A. Marques Esparteira. Catalogo dos navios brigantinos (1640-1901). Lisboa, 1976.
Mentioned between 1643-1645, tonnage 300 tons.
Source
A. Marques Esparteira. Catalogo dos navios brigantinos (1640-1901). Lisboa, 1976.
Zeebrugge, Belgium 27 September 2026
Part of Lapéreouse-class. Laid down by DCN, Lorient, France in 1 September 1987, launched on 9 November 1988, commissioned on 5 October 1989. MMSI 228798000.
Gneisenau©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Admiral Hipper-classs©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
An item reported that the German number of aircraft stationed in Norway was recently strengthened by 6-9 Focke Wulf 200 Condor-planes,36 Messerschmidt 109 and 36 Messerschmidt 110. The Messerschmidt escorted the German ships leaving Brest, France and were there in the past stationed. Their new post in Norway could indicate the transfer of heavy German warships to Norwegian waters. On noon 19 February was the German battleship Tirpitz seen on a north east course 20 miles off the Norwegian coast at Vigten according to the J.I.C. busy with routine training operations. The transfer of the German ships from Brest to North Sea harbors was a blessing for the Allies simplifying guard necessities.(1)
Note
1. This must be the battleships Scharnhorst, Gneisenau and (Admiral Hipper-class) and heavy cruiser Prinz Eugen leaving Brest on 11 February 1941 during Operation Cerberus.
Source
Map Room Papers (Roosevelt Administration), 1942 - 1945. MR0423. U.S. Joint Intelligence Committee. Daily summary No. 72 dated 20 February 1942
An item reported that a German torpedo which beached herself on Aruba, Dutch West Indies exploded during the dismantling causing the death of 4 Dutch officers and wounding several other men. The J.I.C. commented “lives seem to have been unnecessarily sacrificed and important information about enemy weapons lost owing to work by hasty and inexperienced personnel.”
Source
Map Room Papers (Roosevelt Administration), 1942 - 1945. MR0423. U.S. Joint Intelligence Committee. Daily summary No. 71 dated 19 February 1942
The (re-)introduction of steam power in the navies, first as auxiliary propulsion next to sailing, but later replacing it, new weapons like the torpedo, ancient weapons like the ram, armoring ships etc. resulted in a tsunami of ideas, patents, (never realized) designs from officers and constructors within the navies and merchant shipping and by private persons like inventors or just those interested in naval affairs. Partly to be trace in newspapers and (scientific) magazines. A nice example is the idea of a certain Mr. John W. Winton living at 13, Gladstone-street who sent 15 May a small letter with sketch to the editors. His idea: dual purpose of the large iron made floating docks. How this is realized he explained in the next text, as far as I can trace (at the moment) nothing is done with thus suggestion.
“The middle compartment of such a structure [floating dock] is merely tot unite the basement with the top chamber, the water simply flowing into the middle chamber, and flowing out again; no pumping, as erroneously supposed, is require to fill or empty this - so I have utilized this space, by forming it into a powerful battery, the great base on platform of the dock enabling me to place therein guns of the heaviest calibre. The dock has a semicircular front, and at the back a caisson is fitted, so as to insure great stability for docking ironclads, the form of the battery resembling an elongated horse-shoe with intended embrasures, so as to be able to fire right ahead, when the dock is securely moored. The design being simply to protect our harbours and mouths of rivers, and as the guns would be heavier that what van possibly be carried ou board ship, I would merely armour-plate the top and sides of mid-chamber, and the top of basement, to protect it from vertical fire, depending on the heavy guns to keep without reach of the enemy’s shot. When the dock is used for docking purposes, the ports would be filled with suitable water-tight doors.”
Source
The Mechanics’ Magazine and Journal of Engineering, Agricultural Machinery, Manufactures and Shipbuilding, dated 22 May 1868, page 396.
American Clemson-class destroyer©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
An item reported that the Japanese attacked twice the shipping and airfield at Darwin, Australia on 19 February. At least 2 ships including a destroyer (1) were lost and at least 3 other ships heavily damaged. There was no information available about the airfields. The J.I.C. commented that again the Japanese skills in air attacks was proven. The shipping at Darwin included the convoy which was forced to return from Koepang, Dutch Timor after it was attacked in the Timor Sea and shadowed afterwards by the Japanese. The fighters involved in both raids as escorts of the bombers must be carrier-borne regarded their radius.
Note
1. USS Peary DD-226 part of Clemson-class, laid down by William Cramp&Sons, Philadelphia, USA with yard number 492 on 9 September 1919, launched on 6 April 1920, commissioned on 22 October 1920, lost on 19 February 1942 and stricken on 8 May 1942.
Source
Map Room Papers (Roosevelt Administration), 1942 - 1945. MR0423. U.S. Joint Intelligence Committee. Daily summary No. 72 dated 20 February 1942
Hr.Ms. Soerabaja. Collectie Nederlands Instittu voor Militaire Historie, object 2158_011201
An item reported that Japanese aircraft attacked on 18 February Surabaya, Dutch East Indies hitting one Dutch ship and sinking an old submarine.(1)
Note
1. The K VII. Laid down by Fijenoord, Rotterdam, Netherlands for the Department of Colonies on 25 July 1916, launched on 8 March 1921, commissioned on 5 September 1922 and sunk lying in the Marinehaven by a bomb on 18 February 1942. 13 Crew members were killed. After the war is the wreck broken up. Also the former coastal defence ship Hr.Ms. Soerabaja (ex-=De Zeven Provinciën) lying in the harbour entrance was hit in a bomb falling in the funnel and exploding inside the ship.
Source
Map Room Papers (Roosevelt Administration), 1942 - 1945. MR0423. U.S. Joint Intelligence Committee. Daily summary No. 72 dated 20 February 1942
Canal Gent, Belgium-Terneuzen, Netherlands 12-9-206
Belgium-flagged, IMO 9314296, MMSI 205417000 and call sign OROE. Owner Boluda Towage Europe since 2019. Built by Astilleros Armon, Navia, Spain in 2005
Andrei Pervozvanny-class battleships©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Armoured cruiser Rossia©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Admiral Makarov, Bayan-class armoured cruiser©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Armoured cruiser Gromoboi©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Bogatyr-class protected cruisers©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
A report from the American Military Observer at Riga, Latvia dated 17 February 1922 No. 2482 described the Russian Baltic fleet using information supplied by the Estonian General Staff. A number of seventeen ships were to be sold to be scrapped for iron: Andrei Pervozvanny, Pavel, Tzesarevich, Petr Velik I, Alexander II, Rossiya, Gromoboy, Diana, Bayan, Admiral Makarov, Bogatyr, Groziasday, Asia, Africa, Amour, Volga and Vodolei nomkr 1, the yachts Standart, Poliarnaya Zvezda and Tzarevich, 16 destroyers built between 1904-1907, artillery ship Ilmen and the submarines Ougorj and Keta. Identical to the ships which were intended to be sold to the German Navy in April 1922?
Source
National Archive. Record Group 165: Records of the War Department General and Special Staffs Series: Security Classified Correspondence and Reports. File Unit. Russia: Navy - MID 2503-16 THRU 2503-265. Roll 1443.
An item reported that in case it was found suitable some of the 5 available French trawlers were to be fitted out with a LL sweep.(1)
Note
1. LL=Low-Loop was a trailing electrical cable gear used for sweeping and detonating magnetic sea mines.
Source
National Archive UK. CAB-66-9-42.
Canal Gent, Belgium-Terneuzen, Netherlands 12-9-2026
Spanish tug Lieven Gevaert 1994-. Belgium-flagged, homeport Antwerp, Belgium, IMO 9120140, MMSI 205177000 and call sign ORKH. Gross tonnage 398 tons, net tonnage 119 tons, summer deadweight 255 tons and as dimensions 30,54 (over all) x 11,52 (over all) x 4,50 (maximum) metres. Speed 11,0 (economic)-13 (maximum) knots. Laid down by Astilleros Armon SA, Navia, Spain with yard number 368 on 19 May 1994, launched on 9 September 1995 and delivered on 15 December 1995. Bollard pull 45 ton. Owned by Unie van Redding en Sleepdienst NV (URS), Antwerp, Belgium 1995-2016, 2016-2019 Kotug Smit Towage, Rotterdam, Netherlands and nowadays by Boluda Corporacion Maritima, Valencia, Spain.
Spanish tug (ex-Union Coral 2004-2022) VB Coral 2022-
Belgium-flagged, homeport Zeebrugge, IMO 9314260, MMSI 205414000 and call sign OROB. Manger Boluda Towage Belgium N.V., Antwerp, Belgium, operator Boluda Towage Europe B.V., Rotterdam, Netherlands.Built by Astilleros Armon SA, Navia, Spain in 2004.
An item reported that the first officer of the American whaler Awashonks Mr. Jones was killed by a whale in the Behring’s Strait and buried on the East Cape of Asia.
An item reported that the American whaler Liverpool of New Bedford was lost.
An item reported that the American whaler Susan of Nantucket was lost.
Canal Gent, Belgium-Terneuzen, Netherlands 12-9-2026
Belgium-flagged, homeport Antwerp, Belgium, IMO 9120176, MMSI 205193000 and call sign ORKE. Built by Astilleros Armon, Nava, Spain in 1996. Onwer URS Belgie, manager Union de Remorquage et de Sauvetage, Antwerp, Belgium. Now owned by Boluda Towage Europe
An item mentioned that ship brokers J. de Files, V. de Vries, T. Beth Ysbrands and T. van Lingen sold at Nieuwezyds Heeren Logement at Amsterdam, Netherlands on Monday 13 July 1767 1/32 share in the fluytship de Drie Gebroeders and whaling tools of commandeur Cornelis Bakker, built in 1736, dimensions 115.25 x 29 feet, bookkeeper Joan Muyske, 450 guilders, stroke 6 guilders, Jacob Swam.(1)
Note
1. Greenland commandeur between 1753-1767, for director Joan Muysken 1767 zero catch results.
Alphabetische naam-lyst van alle de Groenlandsche en Straat-Davidsche Commandeurs die sedert het jaar 1700 op Groenland en sedert het jaar 1719 op de Straat Davis etc. Gerret van Sant. Published by Johannes Enschede, Amsterdam 1770, with hand written notes until 1794.
Source
De Maandelyksche Nederlandsche Mercurius, Volume 22, July, Amsterdam, 1767.
An item mentioned that ship brokers J. de Files, V. de Vries, T. Beth Ysbrands and T. van Lingen sold at Nieuwezyds Heeren Logement at Amsterdam, Netherlands on Monday 13 July 1767 1/32 share in the fluytship de Vrouwe Wyva Ida and whaling tools of commandeur Jacob Breemer, built in 1742, dimensions 116.25 x 30.1 fet, bookkeeper Hendrik de Haan, 300 guilders, stroke 6 guilders, not sold.(1)
Note
1. Greenland commandeur between 1766-1786, returned in 1767 with leaking ship.
Alphabetische naam-lyst van alle de Groenlandsche en Straat-Davidsche Commandeurs die sedert het jaar 1700 op Groenland en sedert het jaar 1719 op de Straat Davis etc. Gerret van Sant. Published by Johannes Enschede, Amsterdam 1770, with hand written notes until 1794.
Source
De Maandelyksche Nederlandsche Mercurius, Volume 22, July, Amsterdam, 1767.
©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Type B ordered under the 1943-1944 Programme to be part of the coastal forces. Of the 280 ordered were just 56 laid down and even a less number finally completed when the Second World War ended. To serve as convoy escorts were the boats also fitted out with minesweeping gears. on a traditional wood built fishing boat. With a displacement of 238 tons and as dimensions 93.5 (between perpendiculars)-105. 3/4 (over all) x 20.2 x 7.75 feet. Geared diesel propulsion with 400bhp via one shaft and speed 9 knots. Crew numbered 26 men. Armament consisted of 2/4x1-2.5cm guns and 8-12 depth charges.
An item reported that while last week was believed that a German submarine seemed to have laid mines in the North Channel between the Mull of Kintre and Ireland. However not a single mine was found by the 57th Minesweeping Group.
Source
National Archive UK. CAB-66-9-42.
According to the list and supplements 1-2 on 13 September 1945 BDZ No. 673 sent by the office of armament the Royal Netherlands Navy located at 41 East 42nd Street, New York 17, USA. There were no complete records available, so there were several sources used to compile the list. Sometimes the kind of guns gave indirect information regarding the origin such as 4”/BL and 12 pounder guns were British mostly supplied in the United Kingdom, Canada or Curacao. The 4.7” guns were old Japanese guns placed on some vessels in the begin of the war at Singapore and some 4” guns in the same period at Surabaya, Dutch East Indies. The trade in which the ship was used gave also an indication were the guns were supplied, for example involved in the Pacific trade means supplied at the West Coast.
Armed with 6-2cm guns supplied at New York on 12 November 1942.
Armed with 1-3” cal 50 Mod. 22 dual purpose gun.
Armed with 1-4” cal 50 Mk. LX Mod. 5 gun.
Source
Archieven van hoofd handelsbescherming en diverse handelsbeschermingsofficieren 1941-1946 inv.no. 53 (Nationaal Archief, The Hague, Netherlands.
©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
The Arabis-class was built under the Emergency War Programme of the First World War. At the end of 1914 was the design completed and in July 1915 were 36 ships in 3 batches ordered for the British Royal Navy. British shipyards built an additional 8 vessels for the French Navy. Part of Arabis-class preceded by Azalea- and Acacia classes and preceded by Aubrietia-class. The Arabis-class was just like 4 other subclasses part of the so-called Flower-class, the later also known as Cabbage-class or the Herbaceous Borders. Ordered in September 1916. Launched by Barclay Curle and Company, Whiteinch, Scotland on 10 February 1917, delivered to France in 1917 and deleted in 1933.
Mentioned between 1653-1660, armament 54 guns.
Source
A. Marques Esparteira. Catalogo dos navios brigantinos (1640-1901). Lisboa, 1976.
First mentioned in 1650, lost 1654, tonnage 350 tons, armament 34 guns.
Sources
Quirino da Fonseca. Os Portugueses no mar, vol 1, 1926
A. Marques Esparteira. Catalogo dos navios brigantinos (1640-1901). Lisboa, 1976.
According to a certain captain W. De Rohan (1) existed the British Royal Navy of several categories of ships. The first class included ironclads like the HMS Minotaur and Warspite, “heavily armoured, for deep water fighting and short expeditions”. The second class included second rate ironclads on the broadside and also on Captain Coles’s system”with, by way of experiment, a monitor or two on the American system, having such improvements of modifications as the nature of these shores requires.” These ironclads should have at least quick veering power, being readily handed, have a little broadside as possible and be fast but also have a moderate fuel consumption. The third category consisted of sea-going ships in the real sense namely not just able to go to sea but also able to stay at sea without needing to seek shelter in case of storms in contrary to the British 6,000 ton ironclads at the time. De Rohan was thinking about cruising ships varying between 1,500 and 2,500 tons, able to develop a high speed, not or just lightly armored and a construction as basic as possible. Equipment was also to be basic as possible preventing the ship needed to retrun to her base for repairs. She needed to be äble to take care of themselves”. When not needed she used only her sails. Except for this type were gunboats, avisos, rams, torpedo boats etc. etc. of course still needed. De Rohan came with the following proposal fora second class warship. The original tex tis taken over.
The sketches of the designs he proposed were made back in 1861 and although handed over to the Admiralty and some friend never made public. De Rohan believe that a ship built according to this design adding some peculiar details not mentioned in the article would supply “one of the strongest, most effective and seaworthy crafts yet designed.”
“Fig. 1 shows abroadside of the proposed ship under sail, her dimensions being, (say) length over all, 270ft.; extreme beam, 60ft. AA are telescopic lower, masts down, inside of which the upper halves are housed when needed; BB, battery, 8ft, high with a rake of4ft.from base ; CC, light bulwarks falling or shutting down inboard in action.
Fig. 2 shows the vessel ready for action; masts telescoped, bowsprit tripped, all spars, sails,&c., struck below deck,bulwarks down,and decks cleared fore and aft; DD, armour, tapering off in thickness to bow and stern; FF, a glacis at either end of battery from portsills down to deck, overlapping the sides of bulwark, for throwing off shot better; GG, diagonal bulkheads armoured, and extending from upper deck down to stem and sternpost; HH, lower hold divided off into compartments-the battery armour is fastened on vertically, and the side plating longitudinally.
Fig.3 shows a deck and battery plan. MM trend or incline of bulkheads GG from deck down to keels on, corresponding to, and flush out with, the sides of the ship. The battery is oviform, showing two equal segments of a circle, joined lengthwise by a common chord; its dimensions proportionably to the foregoing length and beam are-length outside, 100ft.; length inside, 95ft.; beam outside, 50ft.; beam inside, 45ft.; bulwarks, 2½ ft. thick at base,tapering up to 1½ ft and at top; top deck of battery plated with 3in. and having grating ventilators or hatchways; the plating of the battery, as of the ship, to be according to design and displacement of hull.The spars and sails shown in the engraving are, of course,for home service and short cruises; for sea-going and long cruises the spars and sails would be fitted to spread a large area of canvas, which the ship's great beam would enable her to carry easily. In action the ship is steered from a pilot-house inside the battery by chains leading down to fighting tiller between decks; the roof of the battery has hatchways,which are closed in action by grated or perforated hatches. End-on firing with the bow and stern guns is effected through a port on each side of the battery ends, shifting over to starboard or port as required on a transverse tramway, ports to close in loading by stoppers or bucklers.
Fig.4 of the engraving shows a body plan of an armoured ship-of-war. Extremebeam 60 ft.;width of battery, 60 ft.; roof of battery, 40 ft.;upper deck, 32f t.;water-line draught, 25 ft. or less; lower end of armour 9 ft. Below waterline. In this plan the present Government system is reversed, that is, the armour is inside and the woodwork outside. The inner armour of the Battery is necessarily thicker than that of the ship proper,and on the outside of the battery is also a thin armouring against small projectiles, &c. Thes hip shows a side or freeboard of 7 ft. clear from the waterline to upper deck, which with the inset of the battery sides,gives equal to 12 ft. Of clear side in an ordinarycraft. The bulwarks BB hinge down in board in action. The hull is of course caulked and coppered, as usual in wooden ships.
The following advantages are claimed for the designs shown in figs.1,2,3:
-First, the form of the battery harmonises, if it does not correspond exactly,withtheship'slines, and therefore its weight is distributed as evenly as can be over the strongest part of the ship's frame and bearings; its oviform or elliptical shape enables it to offer a better deflective target at all points than if square,and though geometrically speaking not necessarily so strong as a spherical battery would be,yet it has the advantage over the latter of having its weight better distributed,and, therefore, not only throwing less strain on a smaller area of the ship's frame,but tending as well to a more easy and considerably less motion in a seaway, two qualities that conduce so powerfully towards obtaining that grand desideratum. A steady platform.
-Second, clear decks, and no tophamper to foul the screw in action.
-Third, length, with great beam, a flat floor, and general form that will make her sit easy.
-Fourth, battery distinct from the forward and quarter decks, making, as it were a castle as well in heavy weather affording a refuge.
Fifth, the diagonal bulkheads from deck to keelson make, as it were, a ship inside a ship; and in engaging shore batteries in smooth water her show of side could be decreased y letting water into the hold compartments.(1)
Note
1. Captain W. de Rohan was in fact William Theodore Dahlgren (1820-1891 Washington, USA) and brother of the American Union Navy admiral John Dahlgren. In the 1840s he changed his family name for De Rohan from his mother's lineage. Being a soldier of fortune her served in navies worldwide like Argentina, Chile and Turkey and Italy (as admiral). Around 1867 he was active in international republican and maritime circles supporting Italian interests. Apprentice seaman since the age of 15. See for instance. George Jacob Holyoake. Bygones worth remembering. New York, 1905. Gutenberg Project and the website of the Ann Arbor District Library
Source
“Improvements in ships of War” in: The Mechanic’s Magazine and Journal of Engineering, Agricultural Machinery, Manufactures and Shipbuilding, vol. XVIL (new Series) 26 April 1867, p. 261.
