Japanese passenger-cargo ship (ex-Bangor 1910-1915, Seattle 1915-1928) Toyokawa Maru 1928-1944

Toyokawa Maru©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

British Town-class Bristol sub-class cruser©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Homeport Hutyu. Owner in 1939 Matsowa Kisen K.K. Built by Wood Skinner&Co. Ltd., Bill Quay, Newcastle-on-Tyne, England with yard number 173 for account of A/S Bangor, Kristiania, Norway in end 1910, seized by British light cruiser HMS Bristol in the Strait of Magellan off the Chilean Juan Fernandez Islands while she was loaded with coal and provision for the German light cruiser SMS Dresden (1) on 14 March 1915, registered at Port Stanley, Falkland Islands as the British Seattle, sold to the Government of South Africa (department of Harbors and Railways, Cape Town) in 1919, sold to Japan and renamed Toyokawa Maru in 1928, requisitioned by the army and became troop transport Allotted IJA No. 224 on 7 November 1941, released and returned to owners and the same day requisitioned by the navy on 28 January 1944 and after striking an aerial mine off Shimonoseki, Japan sunk on 5 July 1945.

Gross tonnage 5,124 tons, under deck 4,737 tons, net tonnage 3,707, deadweight 8,160 tons and as dimensions 385.0 x 54.0 x 27.8 x 8 (light)-25 (loaded) feet. Reciprocating propulsion, single screw, horsepower 516 ihp, coal bunker capacity 1,150 tons, range 0,000 nautical miles/10 knots and speed 10 (normal cruising)-12 (maximum) knots.

Note

1. Part of Dresden-class preceded by König-class succeeded by Kolberg-class. Laid down as Ersatz Comet by Blohm&Voss, Hamburg, Germany in 1906, launched on 5 October 1907, commissioned on 14 November 1908. Since the outbreak of the First World War active as commerce raider in the South American Atlantic waters, then joined the German East Asia Squadron commanded by Graf Maximum von Spee, survived as only German ship the Battle of the Falkland Islands and was finally scuttled off Robinson Crusoe Island (in the past called Más a Tierra) on 14 March 1915 after being attacked by the HMS Kent and Glasgow.

The chloroformic torpedo according to the Australian newspaper The Catholic Press dated Thursday 30 December 1909

An item reported that the well-known American engineer Karl Wheaton (1) invented a new type of torpedo which was called the chloroformic torpedo especially to be used by submarines. In stead of lyddit, dynamite or guncotton was soporific material used as charge. The torpedo was propelled by compressed air and was sharp pointed to penetrate the hull of a target and then became stuck. What happens next was no explosion to blow the ship up but: "By means of a light cable carried by the projectile an electric current causes the fracture of the bomb, tho vapours immediately escape, and everyone in the ship and around it for a distance of 70 yards is plunged into a deep sleep, the enemy can board and secure ships, prisoners, and booty without striking a blow. According to the newspaper made Wheaton “several useful and complex machines.”

Note

1. Carl M. Wheaton, Newtonville, Massachusetts, USA came with more naval defense technologies in and before the First World War. This torpedo is also known as the Aneasthetic submarine. The Roosevelt Center keeps a letter dated 1 January 1912 written by him tot president Theodore Roosevelt referring to interview between both men in which Wheaton his idea dropped of controlling a mob with a harmless anaesthetic. 

Harbor of Genoa, Italy protected by nets according to the Kriegsnachrichten of the Chef des Admiralstabes der Marine dated Berlin 25 August 1917

An item reported that according to an agent was the harbor of Genoa, Italy barricaded with nets and closed for passing ships between 19.00-08:00 o’clock. It was not allowed to enter the harbor by night. Other reports however stated still ships were arriving or leaving by darkness, apparently were the nets temporarily opened when ordered.

Source

Bundesarchiv RM-40-622

Japanese motor tanker (ex-Corabank 1931-1937) Rikko Maru 1937-1945

©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Call sign JDAM. Owner in 1939 Nippon Skikyu K.K, Tokyo, Japan. Laid down by Workman Clark Ld., Belfast, Northern Ireland for account of Andrew Weir Shipping&Trading Co. Ltd., (Bank Line), Glasgow/London, United Kingdom with yard number 516 in end 1931, launched in 1932, completed in August 1932, bought in October 1937, requisitioned by Japanese government and allotted to the army in end 1941, damaged during air attack off Mako on 3 January 1945, again damaged in an air attack on 21 January 1945, broken in two parts during a typhoon off Kirun and sunk on 6 March 1945. Gross tonnage 9,181 tons, net tonnage 7,143 tons, deadweight 13,000 tons and as dimensions 477.0 x 63.8 x 35.6 x 9 (light)28- (loaded) feet. , single screw, oil bunker capacity 750 ton, oil carrying capacity 90,000 barrels (of 42 gallons), range 17,500 nautical miles/11 knots and speed 78 rpm/11 (normal cruising)-13.5 (maximum) knots. 

An Italian torpedo battleship design according to the Australian newspaper Australian Town and Country Journal dated Wednesday 4 December 1912

An item referred to the newspaper New York Tribune which reported that an Italian designer (1) prepared the plans fir a torpedo boat destroyer with the size of a battleship. The destroyers had at that moment a displacement of 700 tons, the concept Italian torpedo battleship one of 15,250 tons, a length of nearly 500 feet and a speed of 24 knots. Her anti destroyer gun armament numbered 2-4.7” quick firing guns. As a protection to be able to get near enough of her prey was she armored with a belt of Krupp armor between well below the waterline en 10 feet above with a thickness of 12” and with protective decks inside. Further more were provisions made to localize the injury when hit by a torpedo. Her own main armament were 30 submerged torpedo tubes suitable for the improved 18”Whitehead torpedo. She could fire a broadside of 15 torpedoes and able to recharge.(1)

Note

1. Probably Cuniberti of which known that he was designing a torpedo battle ship in 1913. The naval engineer Vittorio Emilio Cuniberti (1854 Turin, Italy-20 December 1913 Rome, Italy), known for his 1903 vision of the all big gun battleship, first realized as the British HMS Dreadnought. 

Shipping traffic between Spain, Greece and Italy according to the Kriegsnachrichten of the Chef des Admiralstabes der Marine dated Berlin 25 August 1917

An item reported that reliable sources stated that from Barcelona continuously large amounts of old railway tracks and lead were shipped to Italy and canned goods to Saloniki, Greece.

Source

Bundesarchiv RM-40-622

Japanese cargo ship Taihei Maru 1928-1944

©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Call sign JCJC. Owner in 1939 Daido Kaiun K.K., Kobe, Japan. Built by Mitsui Bussan Kaisha, Tama, Japan in September 1928, requisitioned by army as transport in 1940, and sunk by American submarine Sunfish (SS-281) north of Araito Island, Kurils on 9-7-1944. Gross tonnage 6,285 tons, under deck 5,263 tons, net tonnage 3,838 tons, deadweight 9,307 tons and as dimensions 413.4 x 55.5 x 32.0 x 8 (light)-15.9 (loaded) feet. Diesel propulsion, horsepower 1,500 ihp, singe screw, range 22,000 nautical miles/11 knots, speed with 103 rpm/10.5 knots-11 (normal cruising)12- (maximum) knots. 

Shipping traffic at Genoa, Italy according to the Kriegsnachrichten of the Chef des Admiralstabes der Marine dated Berlin 25 August 1917

An item reported that according to reliable sources on 27 July were lying in the harbor of Genoa, Italy 9 Italian, 3 British, 2 Danish, 3 Norwegian, 4 Spanish cargo ships, 1 American and 1 Italian steam tanker.

Source

Bundesarchiv RM-40-622

Germany interested in magnetic stations as weapon against warships according to the Australian newspaper Southern Times dated Tuesday 22 June 1909

An item referred to the Telegraph in which her correspondent in Berlin a new German naval invention described. He mentioned a serious interest of the German naval authorities in a patent of the German naval engineer Hollman who claimed to be able to destroy any enemy fleet blockading or attacking German harbors. For this purpose were magnet stations erected along the coast and at the mouth of rivers where shallow and deep waters alternated. Each station was to be fitted out with the strongest electric magnets available. The magnets attracted the ironclads an other protecting warships deviating from their course and drawing them into shallow water where they grounded and became helpless and a target for the guns mounted on the forts.

Coastal (push) tug GPS Arcadia 2009-

harbor Vlissingen 21 October 2010

United Kingdom-flagged, homeport London, MMSI 235115658 and call sign MBYY9. Damen Stan Tug 1606. Built in 2009. Part of fleet of Landfall Marine Contractors bv.

American whaler George Washington spoken according to the Sandwich Island Gazette and Journal of Commerce dated Saturday 31 December 1836

An item reported that the Hamilton spoke on the position latitude 5 south longitude 117 west the American whaler George Washington, Gibbs, 10 months, 560 barrels. 

American whaler Adeline visited Honolulu, Hawaii according to the Sandwich Island Gazette and Journal of Commerce dated Saturday 31 December 1836

An item reported the arrival at Honolulu, Hawaii of the American whaler Adeline, Buckley, of Newburyport, 37 months, 1,700 barrels. 

American whaler Midas visited Honolulu, Hawaii according to the Sandwich Island Gazette and Journal of Commerce dated Saturday 24 September 1836

An item reported the arrival of the American whaler Midas, Spooner, of New Bedford, on 23 September at Honolulu, Hawaii coming from the whaling grounds. 

Swedish chemical/oil products tanker Fure Valentia 2026-

Schelde, Vlissingen 21 October 2010

Sweden-flagged, homeport IMO 1033377, MMSI 2605065000 and call sign SBFR. Built by China Merchants Jinling Shipyard (Yangzhou) Dingheng Co. Ltd., China with hull number CMY0126 in 2026. Ordered by Furetank Rederi AB, Sweden

American sealing schooner Ionic visited Honolulu, Hawaii according to the Sandwich Island Gazette and Journal of Commerce dated Saturday 17 September 1836

An item reported the departure by the American sealing schooner Ionic, Clark, on 10 September from Honolulu, Hawaii to the sealing grounds. 

American whaler Henry Astor spoken according to the Sandwich Island Gazette and Journal of Commerce dated Saturday 17 September 1836

An item reported that the American whaler Henry Astor, Rawson, of Hudson, 600 barrels was spoken six weeks from the Sandwich Islands. 

American whaler Meridian visited Honolulu, Hawaii according to the Sandwich Island Gazette and Journal of Commerce dated Saturday 10 September 1836

An item reported the departure of the American whaler Meridian, Fisher on 3 September van Honolulu to the whaling grounds. 

Dutch pilot vessel Cetus 2005-

Schelde, Vlissingen 20 October 2010

Netherlands-flagged, homeport, Vlissingen, IMO 9367102, MMSI 246380000 and call sign PHDH. Built by Abekig&Rasmussen, Lemwerder, Germany in 2005. 

British whaler Matilda visited the Bay of Islands according to the Sandwich Island Gazette and Journal of Commerce dated Saturday 6 August 1836

An item reported the departure of the whaler Matilda from the Bay of Islands, New Zealand on 16 December 1835 for London. 

American whaler Benjamin Rush visited the Bay of Islands according to the Sandwich Island Gazette and Journal of Commerce dated Saturday 6 August 1836

An item reported the whaler Benjamin Rush at the Bay of Islands, New Zealand 1,600 barrels. 

American whaler Enterprize spoken according to the Sandwich Island Gazette and Journal of Commerce dated Saturday 30 July 1836

An item reported that the ship Europa captain Winkworth latitude 32 North Longitude 174 East spoke the whaler Enterprize of Nantucket, master Winslow, 17 months out, 600 barrels, recently from New Zealand and Navigator Islands who reported that generally the whalers were rather unsuccessful. Winslow mentioned that the Independence, captain Brayton was lost after hitting an unknown reef, about 300 miles south east direction of Jarvisland-about 900 miles from Tahiti, latitude3-5 south longitude 155-158 West), crew escaped in the boats without losses as far as known.

Dutch fishing vessel Jonge Johannes LT2-295 2019-

harbor Vlissingen 21 October 2010

United Kingdom-flagged, IMO 9848792, MMSI 232026100 and call sign MGRU8. Twinrigger/flyshooter. Owned by LT 60 Wilhelmina BV., Urk, Netherlands. Launched with yard number BA-626 on 15 July 2019 by Safe Sp. Z.o.o, Gdansk, Poland. Towed end August 2019 towards Stellendam, Completed by Damen Maaskant Shipyards, Stellendam, Netherlands. First trial on 28 February 2020. 

American sealer Union in 1804

Entered the harbour of Port Jackson, New South Wales, Australia on 6 January 1804. Master J. Pendleton. Built foreign. Tonnage 99 tons. Number of guns 4. Number of men 22. Where and when built Barnstable. Where and when registered New York. Owner Fanning&Co. General cargo 5,000 seal skins. From whence King’s Island. Where bond given Sydney.

Source

Historical records of New South Wales. 1803-1805.

Whaler Lady Leith spoken according to the Australian newspaper The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser dated Tuesday 15 March 1836

An item reported the discovery on Goat Island, Curtis group [Griffiths Island, Victoria, Australia?] of a memorandum reporting the whaler Lady Leith, 300 barrels, 9 months. 

Whaler Betsy spoken according to the Australian newspaper The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser dated Tuesday 15 March 1836

An item reported the arrival on last Thursday of the whaler Caroline which she herself had spoken or had heard about the whaler Betsy in December with 250 barrel swhales alongside. 

Italian ro-ro cargo ship Grande Luanda 2015-

Schelde, Vlissingen 20 October 2010

Italy-flagged, homeport Palermo, IMO 9724738, MMSI 247342300 and call sign IBFV. Built by Hyundai Mipo Dockyard Co. Ltd., Ulsan, South Korea in 2015. Owner/manager Grimaldi Group Spa, Naples, Italy. 

Whaler Vittoria spoken according to the Australian newspaper The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser dated Tuesday 15 March 1836

An item reported the arrival on last Thursday of the whaler Caroline which she herself had spoken or had heard about the whaler Vittoria, 90 barrels in December. 

Tasmanian whaler William the Fourth spoken according to the Australian newspaper The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser dated Tuesday 15 March 1836

An item reported the arrival on last Thursday of the whaler Caroline which she herself had spoken or had heard about the whaler William the Fourth, of Hobart Town, 19 days out, clean. 

British whaler Louisiana spoken according to the Australian newspaper The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser dated Tuesday 15 March 1836

An item reported the arrival on last Thursday of the whaler Caroline which she herself had spoken or had heard about the whaler Louisiana, of London, 600 barrels, 14 months out

Swiss container ship (ex-E.R. Albany 1996-2004, CMA CGM Egypt 2004-2006, Macandrews America 2006-2007, E.E. Albany 2007-2013) MSC Sena 2013-

Schelde, Vlissingen 20 October 2010

Liberia-flagged, homeport Monrovia, IMO 9116369, MMSI 636017582 and call sign D5LQ7. Built by Halle Engineering Samho, Samho, South Korea. Owner MSC Mediterranean Shipping Co., Geneva, Switzerland, manager MSC Shipmanagement Ltd., Limassol, Cyprus. 

Tasmanian whaler Mary Ann spoken according to the Australian newspaper The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser dated Tuesday 15 March 1836

An item reported the arrival on last Thursday of the whaler Caroline which she herself had spoken or had heard about the whaler Mary Ann, of Hobart Town, last month, 1,400 barrels.

British whaler Elizabeth spoken according to the Australian newspaper The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser dated Tuesday 15 March 1836

An item reported the arrival on last Thursday of the whaler Caroline which she herself had spoken or had heard about the whaler Sarah and Elizabeth, of London, 1,900 barrels, 30 months out. 

Whaler Anastasia spoken according to the Australian newspaper The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser dated Tuesday 15 March 1836

An item reported the arrival on last Thursday of the whaler Caroline which she herself had spoken or had heard about the whaler Anastatia, in December, 400 barrels. 

Yacht (ex-Leapher P22201 2025) Horizon 2026-?

Schelde, Vlissingen 20 October 2010

Marshall Islands-flagged, IMO 998998, MMSI 538072256 and call sign V7A6797. Built in 2026. 

Australian whaler Denmark Hill spoken according to the Australian newspaper The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser dated Tuesday 15 March 1836

An item reported the arrival on last Thursday of the whaler Caroline which she herself had spoken or had heard about the whaler Denmark Hill, 50 barrels in last January

Whaler Clarkstone spoken according to the Australian newspaper The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser dated Tuesday 15 March 1836

An item reported the arrival on last Thursday of the whaler Caroline which she herself had spoken or had heard about the whaler Clarkstone, 11 months out, 450 barrels. 

Australian whaler Denmark Hill returned home according to the Australian newspaper The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser dated Tuesday 15 March 1836

An item reported the arrival on last Sunday of the whaler Denmark Hill with 110 barrels oil. 

Confusion of names: Greenland whaling = Spitsbergen/Svalbard whaling and Davis Strait whaling= Greenland whaling

Boiling whale oil, probably Amsterdam Eiland, Spitsbergen. 

Mountain left probably Jan Mayen-eiland (Beerenberg).

Rijksmuseum Amsterdam. Cornelis de Man

People in the 17th and 18th centuries held a different geographical view than people today. This means that when we speak of “Greenland whaling”, “the term “Greenland” actually refers to Svalbard, whereas “Davis Strait” refers to whaling off the coast of present-day Greenland. The Davis Strait is a southern arm of the Arctic Ocean that lies north of the Labrador Sea. It lies between mid-western Greenland and Baffin Island in Nunavut, Canada. 

Norwegian general cargo ship (ex-Northern Liftnes 1996-2002) Wilson Grip 2002-

Canal Gent, Belgium-Terneuzen, Netherlands 12-9-2026

Bahamas-flagged, homeport Nassau, IMO 9126912, MMSI 311001799 and call sign C6IX4. Owner Wilson Shipowning AS, manager Wilson Ship Management AS, both at Bergen, Norway. Built by Slovenske Lodenice, Komarno, Slovakia in 1996. Barbados-flagged between 2021-2026. 

French Minister for Marine ordered building of 4-18,350 ton battleships according to the Australian newspaper The Sydney Morning Herald dated Tuesday 1 January 1907

 République-class. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Liberté-class. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Danton-class. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

British HMS Dreadnought©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

An item reported that the French Minister for Marine (1) ordered the building of 4-18,350 ton battleships costs 50,000,000 francs for each battleships and an armament of 12-30.48cm/12” guns. Planned was the building in a later stadium of an additional two battleships.(2) Originally the armament was to consist of 4-12” and 12-9.45” which the French believed was not inferior to the 12-12” guns of the British battleship HMS Dreadnought, but after a reconsideration was chosen for an uniform main armament. The speed was 19 knots, 3 knots less as the turbine driven HMS Dreadnought, but France found turbine propulsion too expensive. Still were the costs of the French battleship 2,000,000 higher compared with the 1,750,000 pound sterling of the Dreadnought.

Notes

1. Gaston Thomson (29 January 1848 Oran, Algeria-14 May 1932 Bône/Annaba, Algeria), Minister of Marine between 24 January 1905-22 October 1908.

2. Under the Fleet Law of 1900 were six pre-dreadnought battleships built. namely the 14,870 ton République-class (République and Patrie) and the Liberté class (Liberté, Justice, Vérité, and Démocratie). Preceded by Suffren and succeeded by the Danton-class semi-dreadnought-battleships. 

Japanese destroyer Tanikaze 1918-1945

Kawakaze-class©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Momi-class©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

battleship Nagato©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Tenryu-class cruisers©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Part of Kawakaze-class consisting of the Kawkaze and Tanikaze preceded by Enoki-class succeeded by Momi-class. Built under the 8-4 Fleet Program Fiscal Year 1915 and able to escort the battleship Nagato and both Tenryu-class cruisers. Originally intended to be a follow-on version of the Isokaze-class design but nevertheless modified and afar more powerful. Launched by Maizuru Naval Arsenal on 20 July 1918, completed on 30 January 1919, decommissioned on 1 April 1935, hulked and renamed Hai Kan No. 19, reclassified as training ship for Kaiten manned torpedoes in 1944, scuttled as breakwater at Kure and broken up after 1945

Joseph Hatch started business in sea elephant and penguin oil on Macquarie Island according to the Australian newspaper The Argus dated Friday 19 July 1912

An item reported that Mr. Joseph Hatch leased Macquarie Island from the Tasmanian government. He intended to establish a business in sea elephant and penguin oil. His headquarters were to be located at Hobart Town instead of a harbour in New Zealand. He bought the brigantine Rachael Cohen which exchanged Adelaide for Hobart as homeport. To befitted out herself with oil fuelled engines for the first voyage towards Macquarie Island was she to transport 500 casks of oil to Hobart. The Daily Telegraph dated Wesnesday 28 July 1915 mentioned the company adding that the treatment plant was located at Hobart. The Rachel Cohen would leave on short notice the Bluff for Macquarie Island to load there oil for Hobart. Except for the transport of oil was she used for transporting general cargo between Hobart and the Bluff. 

German interested in artificial fog to be used for war purposes according to the Australian newspaper The Labor Daily dated Wednesday 29 December 1926

An item reported that German chemists developed a method to produce artificial fog on large scale which could be used for naval or land warfare. It became for the enemy (nearly) impossible to see the movements of ships or men. The first experiments were successfully executed at the harbour of Swinemünde, Germany while the fortress could not be seen in the impenetrable mist. Experiments done by the German army resulted in a fog with a maximum sight of 2 yards ahead. An eminent British professor however stated that this was not a new invention. He thought that “what the Germans had probably done was to make such fog on a large scale cheaply and conveniently”, probably a new chemical smoke using a new method. Some British aircraft were also able to create a fox-bank allowing to disappear out of sight. 

French destroyer Tigre 1923-1955

Admiral Sénés.©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Chacal-class©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Guépard-class©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Part of the Chacal or Jaguar-class succeeded by Guépard-class, main task was to act as scouts for the battle line. Total six build. In the designing process was a 1,780 tons design armed with 5-10cm.3.8” guns of early 1920 not approved by the French Parliament. A new design was made on base of the designs of the Italian Leone-class and the German destroyer SM 113 which was after the First World War handed over to France as war reparations and commissioned in the French navy as Admiral Sénés. The new design was approved under the 1922 Naval Law. Ordered on 26 February 1923. Laid down by Ateliers et Chantiers de Bretagne, Nantes, France on 18 September 1923, launched on 2 August 1924, commissioned/completed on 1 February 1926, taken into service on 7 February 1926, captured by German forces in November 1942, handed over the Italian Navy after 27 November 1942, commissioned as the FR23 on 19 January 1943, returned to Free France on 28 October 1943, troop transport until end 1946, stationary gunnery training ship until mid 1948, decommissioned in September 1948, hulked, stricken on 4 January 1954 and broken up in 1955. 

British screw steam transport Faith in the Crimean War on 8 December 1854

According to a list of the return of the disposition in the Black Sea on 8 December 1854 drawn up by Captain and Principal Agent of Transports P. Christie, “Harbinger”, Balaklava, Crimea: number transport -. , present position Varna,Bulgaria remarks commissariat store ship. The Crimean War found place between 16 October 1853-30 March 1856 between Ottoman Empire, France, United Kingdom and Sardinia at one side and Russia and Greece on the other side. The British Government chartered a large number of merchant ships for transporting troops and stores.

Source

Reports from Committees: eight volumes. 3-Part II. Army before Sebastopol. Session 12 December 1854-14 August 1855. Vol. IX-Part II. 

British screw steam transport Jura in the Crimean War on 8 December 1854

According to a list of the return of the disposition in the Black Sea on 8 December 1854 drawn up by Captain and Principal Agent of Transports P. Christie, “Harbinger”, Balaklava, Crimea: number transport -, present position Corfu, Greece, remarks sailed from Balaklava on 4 December for 34th Regiment. The Crimean War found place between 16 October 1853-30 March 1856 between Ottoman Empire, France, United Kingdom and Sardinia at one side and Russia and Greece on the other side. The British Government chartered a large number of merchant ships for transporting troops and stores.

Source

Reports from Committees: eight volumes. 3-Part II. Army before Sebastopol. Session 12 December 1854-14 August 1855. Vol. IX-Part II. 

Italian destroyer Turbine 1925-1943 and German TA 15 1943-1944

©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Part of Turbine-class preceded by Sauro-class succeeded by Navigatori-class. Identification code TR. Laid down by Odero, Sestri-Ponente on 24 March 1925, launched on 21 April 1927, completed on 27 August 1927, captured by German foces on 9 September 1943, commissioned as TA 14 on 29 October 1943, served as escort and sunk by rockets of USAAF aircraft in Salamis, Greece on 16 September 1944. 

Construction status of the German kriegsfischkutter KFK 1028 in 1944

©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

List of planning with deadlines for new construction of warships dated Berlin 22 May 1944. Built in Adriatic area. Date building ordered 15 April 1944. Date completion November 1944.

Source

Deutsches Historisches Institut Moska. Records 500 findbuch 12453-file 152. 

The armament of the Dutch merchant ship Van Honthorst in the Second World War

According to the list and supplements 1-2 on 13 September 1945 BDZ No. 673sent by the office of armament the Royal Netherlands Navy located at 41 East 42nd Street, New York 17, USA. There were no complete records available, so there were several sources used to compile the list. Sometimes the kind of guns gave indirect information regarding the origin such as 4”/BL and 12 pounder guns were British mostly supplied in the United Kingdom, Canada or Curacao. The 4.7” guns were old Japanese guns placed on some vessels in the begin of the war at Singapore and some 4” guns in the same period at Surabaya, Dutch East Indies. The trade in which the ship was used gave also an indication were the guns were supplied, for example involved in the Pacific trade means supplied at the West Coast.

All guns on board were British, no American guns supplied

Source

Archieven van hoofd handelsbescherming en diverse handelsbeschermingsofficieren 1941-1946 inv.no. 53 (Nationaal Archief, The Hague, Netherlands. 

Turkish destroyer Tinaztepe 1930-1954

©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Part of Tinaztepe-class preceded by Adatepe-class. Purchased by Turkey while under construction for the Italian navy. Italian Folgore-class version. Laid down in May 1930, launched by C.T. Riva Trigoso, Riva Trigoso, Italy on 6 June/20 July or 27 July 1931, commissioned on 6 June 1932 and decommissioned in February 1953 or 1954. Still mentioned in Jane’s Fighting Ships 1956/1957. Sources supplied different data. 

Sale of 1/32 share in the Dutch whaler de Vrouw Helena at Amsterdam, Netherlands in 1767

An item mentioned that ship brokers A. Kramp, C. van der Glas and M. Kly sold at Nieuwezyds Heeren Logement at Amsterdam, Netherlands on Monday 12 October 1767 1/32 share in Dutch fluytship de Vrouw Helena, commandeur Daniel Claasz Meyser, built in 1733, length 113 1.2 feet, 125 guilders, J. Boelema.(1)

Note

1. Greenland commandeur between 1750-1759, 1765-1770 and 1774-1775, in 1767 for Robbert Macreel, Amsterdam: 2 whales-75 barrels blubber-101 quardelen whale oil. Alphabetische naam-lyst van alle de Groenlandsche en Straat-Davidsche Commandeurs die sedert het jaar 1700 op Groenland en sedert het jaar 1719 op de Straat Davis etc. Gerret van Sant. Published by Johannes Enschede, Amsterdam 1770, with hand written notes until 1794.

Source

De Maandelyksche Nederlandsche Mercurius, Volume 22, October part 1, Amsterdam, 1767.

People in the 17th and 18th centuries held a different geographical view than people today. This means that when we speak of “Greenland whaling”, “the term “Greenland” actually refers to Svalbard, whereas “Davis Strait” refers to whaling off the coast of present-day Greenland. The Davis Strait is a southern arm of the Arctic Ocean that lies north of the Labrador Sea. It lies between mid-western Greenland and Baffin Island in Nunavut, Canada.

Sale of 1/32 part in the Dutch whaler de Vrouw Cornelia at Amsterdam, Netherlands in 1767

An item mentioned that ship brokers A. Kramp, C. van der Glas and M. Kly sold at Nieuwezyds Heeren Logement at Amsterdam, Netherlands on Monday 12 October 1767 1/32 part in Dutch fluytship de Vrouw Cornelia and whaling tools of commandeur Barent Pietersz, built in 1755, length 112 feeet, 350 guilders, H. van der Meulen(1)

Note

1. Greenland commandeur between 1756-1771, in 1767 for Leendert van der Meulen 1.5 whale-60 barrels blubber-96 quardelen whale oil. Alphabetische naam-lyst van alle de Groenlandsche en Straat-Davidsche Commandeurs die sedert het jaar 1700 op Groenland en sedert het jaar 1719 op de Straat Davis etc. Gerret van Sant. Published by Johannes Enschede, Amsterdam 1770, with hand written notes until 1794.

Source

De Maandelyksche Nederlandsche Mercurius, Volume 22, October part 1, Amsterdam, 1767.

People in the 17th and 18th centuries held a different geographical view than people today. This means that when we speak of “Greenland whaling”, “the term “Greenland” actually refers to Svalbard, whereas “Davis Strait” refers to whaling off the coast of present-day Greenland. The Davis Strait is a southern arm of the Arctic Ocean that lies north of the Labrador Sea. It lies between mid-western Greenland and Baffin Island in Nunavut, Canada.

Japanese destroyer Hatsuzuki (Ship No. 107) 1941-1944

Akizuki subclass©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Russian Vol'ny former Japanese Matsu-class Shii©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Part of Akizuki-class or B-class destroyer consisting of Akizuki (Project 51), Fuyutsuki (Project 51) and Michitsuki (Project 53) subclasses preceded by Yugumo-class succeeded by Matsu-class. Part of Akuziki-subclass. Built under the Maru 4 Programme. Laid down by Maizuru Naval Arsenal on 25 July 1941, launched on 3 April 1942, completed on 29 December 1942, sunk in the Battle of Cape Engano and stricken on 10 December 1944. 

American whaler Isaac Hicks visited Honolulu, Hawaii according to the newspaper The Polynesian dated 29 October 1853

An item reported the arrival at Honolulu, Hawaii on 26 October of the American whaler Isaac Hicks master Skinner coming from the Arctic 950 barrels whale oil 11,000 lbs bone.

American whaler Mechanic visited Honolulu, Hawaii according to the newspaper The Polynesian dated 29 October 1853

An item reported the arrival at Honolulu, Hawaii on 26 October of the American whaler Mechanic master Corey coming from Ochotsk 850 barrels whale oil 16,000 lbs bone.

American destroyer USS Henley DD-39 1911-1934

Flusser, Smith-class. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Roe, Paulding-class. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Duncan, Cassin-class. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Part of Paulding-class (DD 22-42) preceded by Smith-class succeeded by Cassin-class. Some times DD 24-28, 30-31, 33 and 36 are considered as the Roe-class and DD 32,35 and 38-42 as Monaghan-class. Silhouettes differs while the DD 24-27, 30-32, 34, 36-37 and 40 possessed 3 instead of 4 funnels, with the middle funnel being larger with two boiler uptakes trunked together. The edition Jane’s Fighting Ships of World War I called the class instead of Paulding-class the Drayton-class which was unofficially also known as the Flivver Type. Laid down by Fore River Shipbuilding Company, Quincy, Massachusetts, USA on 17 July 1911, launched on 3 April 1912, commissioned on 6 December 1912, decommissioned on 12 December 1919, transferred to the US Coast Guard on 16 May 1924, commissioned as Henley CG-12 on 14 November 1924, decommissioned and returned to the navy on 30 January 1931, stricken on 5 July 1934 and sold Michael Flynn Inc., Brooklyn, New York, USA to be broken up on 22 August 1934. 

Portuguese cutter Coroa 1786-1791

Required in 1786, last mentioned in 1791, armament of 20 guns.

Source

A. Marques Esparteira. Catalogo dos navios brigantinos (1640-1901). Lisboa, 1976.

Portuguese chaloupe Nossa Senhora do Monte do Carmo 1787-1794

Mentioned between 1787-1794, armament of 11-12 guns.

Source

A. Marques Esparteira. Catalogo dos navios brigantinos (1640-1901). Lisboa, 1976.

French destroyer Vautour 1930-1944 (1951)

Guépard-class©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Aigle-class©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Vauquelin-class©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Part of Aigle-class destroyers preceded by Guépard-class succeeded by Vauquelin-class. Laid down by Forges et Chantiers de la Méditerranée, La Seyne, France on 21 February 1929, launched on 26 August 1930, completed on 2 May 1932, scuttled at Toulon, France on 27 November 1942, salvaged in 1943, sunk during an Allied air attack on 4 February 1944 and broken up in situ in 1951. 

Whaler Venus reported according to the Australian newspaper The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser dated Thursday 27 March 1834

An item reported the arrival of the schooner Columbine returning from New Zealand on 26 March. She reported from the Bay of Islands that the whaler Governor Bourke reported the Venus, 5 January, 300 barrels oil. 

Whaler Achiles reported according to the Australian newspaper The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser dated Thursday 27 March 1834

An item reported the arrival of the schooner Columbine returning from New Zealand on 26 March. She reported from the Bay of Islands that the whaler Governor Bourke reported the Achilles, 14 months out, 900 barrels oil. 

Russian battleship Sevastopol 1892-1905

Petropavlovsk©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Rostislav©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

American Indiana-class©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Part of Petropavlovsk-class or sometimes called Poltava-class consisting of the Poltava, Sevastopol and Petropavlovsk, preceded by Sissoi Veliky (built 1891-18966) and succeeded by Rostislav(1894-1900). The design process started with the Imperator Nikolai I (1886-1891) although replacing the gun turrets by barbettes. To avoid the problems with the casemate-mounted secondary armament with the Imperator Aleksandr II (1885-1891) in rough was chosen with the gun layout of the American Indiana-class battleships where the turret mounted armament was position on the upper deck. Laid down by Galernii Island Shipyard, Saint Petersburg, Russia on 19 May 1892, launched on 1 June 1895, completed in 1899, in service in 1900, badly damaged in the Battle of the Yellow Sea against the Japanese fleet, seeking refugee at Port Arthur and there scuttled to prevent capture by the Japanese on 2 January 1905.