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Wednesday, 9 September 2026

Design for a circular warship No. 3 by John Elder in 1868

©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

In the magazine The Artizan dated 1 July 1868 was a plate with figures and a small note published dealing with several designs for a ‘circular warship’ proposed by John Elder. He believed that such a ship with a widened beam could have a thicker and heavier armour and heavy guns compared with a ship of the common design and at the other hand a shallower draught and with a somewhat increased horsepower a comparable speed. The same year he read his paper Circular Ships of War, with immersed motive power for the United Service Institute in London, England. He executed experiments with his own construction and the common construction principles [the latter of a modern ironclad] including in all sorts of weather. It resulted in a draught around one-half of the draught of a common vessel allowing it to act in waters yet unaccessible. The power of rotation made it possible to act as a floating revolting turret or as a ram [like a gigantic circular saw).Diameter about 200 feet.

John Elder was a Scottish shipbuilder and marine engineer (8 March 1824 Glasgow, Scotland-17 September 1869 London, England). He worked for Randolph, Elder&Co., Glasgow, Scotland which became in 1886 the well known Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company.

The Russian rear admiral Andrei Alexandrovich Popov designed in 1869 the Charodeika-class monitor-class for the defence of the Dniepr-Bug Estuary and Kerch Strait. Popov used Elder’s ideas but by further widening the beam created a real circular ship and instead of a convex hull his design was flat-bottomed for a minimum draught. The armament was however not heavy enough and after several new designs was a design with a displacement of 6,151 tons, a diameter of 46.0 metres/151 feet and 4-27.9cm/11” guns approved. With too high building costs estimated was the design scaled down ending in the Novgorod laid down in 1871 with a displacement of 2,531 tons, a diameter of 30.8 metres/101 feet and 2-27.9cm/11” rifled muzzle guns.

Ships arrived at Gibraltar on 1 August coming from the west according to the Kriegsnachrichten of the Chef des Admiralstabes der Marine dated Berlin 6 August 1917

An item reported the arrival at Gibraltar on 1 August of 1 French passenger steamship, 1 British steam tanker and 1 armed British passenger steamship Egypt-flagged.

coming from the west

Source

Bundesarchiv RM-40-622

Russian State Aviation Works No. 11 at Odessa, Ukraine in 1929

The American Military Attaché major George E. Arneman at Riga, Latvia referred in his report dated 16 November 1929 No. 7319 to the notes he received from the French Naval Attaché at Riga. He had been three years stationed at Riga and specialized in the Russian Baltic Fleet, being satisfied with his sources considered his notes as reliable. Arneman had no reason to disagree.

An item reported the Russian State Aviation Works No. 11 at Odessa, Ukraine which produced land based air craft and seaplanes. Between 1925-end 1928 were 14 Savoia,4 Gregorovich, 3 Isotta seaplanes and 8 hydro gliders with 120hp Ron engines produced. Responsible for repairing aircraft in the Black Sea (area). Personnel numbered 4 engineers and 500 laborers.

Source

National Archive. Record Group 165: Records of the War Department General and Special Staffs Series: Security Classified Correspondence and Reports. File Unit. Russia: Navy - MID 2503-16 THRU 2503-265. Roll 1443.

Siamese transport Chang (1902) 1939-1962

1950s©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Siamese transport (ex-Lycidas 1902-1904, Chamroen 1904-1907, Buk 1907-?, Vides Kichkar <1927-1939) Chang 1939-1962. Completed by Ritson&Co., Maryport, England with yard number 85 in August 1902 and broken up in 1962. Displacement 850 ton and as dimensions 176 x 27 1/6 x 10 feet. Horsepower 780 hp and speed 9-10 knots. 

Sources

Jane’s Fighting Ships several editions

Les Flottes des combat 1927.

Shipping

Shipping and shipbuilding UK

Forum Marine

Grokipedia

British merchant ship Verona chartered for the Anglo-Egyptian War of 1882

Between July-September 1882 was the United Kingdom in war with Egyptian and Sudanese troops ending in the British occupation of Egypt. The British government chartered between July-August a lot of merchant steamships for transporting troops, stores etc. from the United Kingdom to Egypt including the Verona.

Source

The Nautical Magazine. Fifty-first year. Volume VII. July 1882.

Transport Great Victoria chartered at Bombay, British India for the British expedition to Ethiopia in 1868

The expedition carried out by the British Empire against the Ethiopian Empire or Abyssinia found place between 4 December 1867-13 May 1868. Purpose was to rescue imprisoned missionaries and government representatives and to punish the Ethiopian Empire. For that purpose was a large military force sent transported with a large number of merchant ships chartered in England and at Bombay.

Number transport B.0. Register tonnage 1,807 tons. Tonnage engine room 591 tons. Gross tonnage 2,398 tons. Horsepower 150. Screw. Alleged speed 7 knots . Coal. Number of day’s coal that can be stowed in bunkers 40. Alleged consumption per diem 22 tons. Built of iron. Rates per ton per month ofd30 days discharged at home 1:8:0. Number of months for which engaged 6. Day of entrance into pay 6-9-1867. Extra payment, if any, made on discharge: none. Accommodation officers: 12. Accommodation non-commissioned officers and men 432 Europeans or 529 natives. Remarks: 13-5-1868 in Annesley Bay , arrived 16-4-1868 from Suez, Egypt with mules,etc. and 1,000 tons of stores. Discharged at Bombay on 29 July 1868.

Sources

Trevenen, major J. and captain Henry M. Hozier. Record of the Expedition to Abyssinia compiled by order of the secretary of state for war, vol. I, 1870.

Lloyd’s Register 1868. 

Russian nuclear cruise-missile submarine K-141 Kursk 1992-2000

Project 661Anchaer/NATO: Papa-class©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com


Project 949A Antey/NATO: Oscar II-class©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Part of Project 949A Antey called by the NATO Oscar II preceded by the Papa- and Charlie-classes and succeeded by the Yasen-class. Totally were 20 submarines of Project 949-949A planned of which six were cancelled (four were even never laid down). A fourth-generation follow-on was planned but never realized. In 2011 was a modernization announced under Project 949AM to be realized by the Rubin Design Bureau cooperating with the Zvedocja and Zvezda shipyards. Designed for attacking NATO carrier battle groups with her 24 P-700 Granit (the SS-N-19 Shipwreck) cruise missiles. During the modernization was replacement of the Granit cruise missiles planned by 72 3M-54 Kalibr or P-800 Oniks anti-ship cruise missiles. Laid down at Sevmash on 22 March 1992, launched on 16 May 1994, commissioned on 30 December 1994, lost on 12 August 2000, part of the Northern Fleet.

Sources

Breyer, S. and N. Polmar. Guide to the Soviet Navy, 2nd edition.

Jordan, J. Soviet submarines 1945 to the present.

Kouznetsov, N. La Marine sovietique en guerre 1941-1945.

Pavlov, A.S. Warships of the USSR and Russia 1945-1995.

Polmar N. and J. Noot. Submarines of the Russian and Soviet Navies 1718-1990.

Schulz-Troge, U. Die sowjetische Kriegsmarine.

Jane’s Fighting Ships several editions.

Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Oscar-class dated 11 April 2026 15:53 o’clock

Russian Ships Info dated 12 April 2026 19:46 o’clock. 

Merchant ship Maria chartered by France for the expedition to China in 1860

In 1856 broke the Second Opium War out as a result of western powers trying to force the Chinese Qing dynasty to open the frontiers for foreign trade and to obtain more influence. A treaty signed in 1858 was to end the war and give the western powers more or less what they wanted. A combined British-America-French effort to pass the Taku forts and go on to Pei-ho (nowadays Hai River) failed and France and the United Kingdom decided to sent out a combined expedition with the first French ships leaving France on 5 December 1859. A joint ultimatum of both countries dated 8 March 1860 was refused on 8 April 1860 followed by fighting. To transport their troops and stores France and especially England hired several merchant ships. Not found back in Lloyds Register 1860.

Source

Léopold Pallu de La Barrière. Expédition de Chine en 1860. Paris, Imprimerie Impériale, 1863, p. 15. 

Italian sailing ship S. Antonio P lost in 1917

According to a list of the Italian Department for transport over sea and by rail was she lost on 7 June due to unknown on the location 20 miles north of Pantelleria. Tonnage 27 tons.

Source

Bundesarchiv RM 20/728.

Chinese river gunboat Chu Yiu 1907-1937

Sister ship Chu Tung©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Yongxiang, Yongfeng-class. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Also spelled as Tchou-Yeou. Part of Chu-class consting of the Chu Tung, Chu Chien, Chu Tai, Chu Yu, Chu Yiu and Chu Kuan succeeded by Yongfeng-class gunboats. Ordered from Kawasaki Shipbuilding Corporation, Kobe, Japan in 1904, launched on 1 April 1907, commissioned in 1907 and sunk on 2 October 1937. 

American sailing sealing ship Columbia in 1838

Antarctic sealing ground. Rigging ship. Captain Smith, tonnage 492 tons, sailed from New London to Desolation Island on 25 July 1838 and arrived at home on 1 May 1839 with 3,700 barrels of sea-elephant oil.

Source

Goode, George Brown. The fisheries and fishery industries of the United States. Section V. History and methods of the fisheries. Volume II, Washington, 1887. 

American sailing sealing ship Antarctic in 1838

Antarctic sealing ground southern seas. Rigging schooner. Arrived in 1838 at Stonington with 3,000 fur-seal skins.

Source

Goode, George Brown. The fisheries and fishery industries of the United States. Section V. History and methods of the fisheries. Volume II, Washington, 1887. 

Tuesday, 8 September 2026

Op- en overslag van Cubaanse rietsuikermelasse in Vlissingen 1906-1948

This blogspost deals with the storage of Cuban sugarcane melasse at the Dutch harbour Vlissingen between 1906-1948

De Vlissingse havens hebben in hun bestaan een grote variëteit aan (half)producten verwerkt van steenkool, hout, wol etc. Ook melasse behoort hiertoe. In 1937 worden professionele opslagtanks voor melasse aan de Buitenhaven in gebruik genomen. Toch dateert de overslag van melasse in Vlissingen al uit een veel eerder stadium. Melasse is een bij- of restproduct van de productie van suiker uit suikerriet of suikerbieten. De suikerbietencampagne is een bekend begrip ook in Zeeland, in Vlissingen werd echter melasse van Cubaanse suikerriet aangevoerd. Melasse wordt gebruikt als veevoer, voor drop, maar ook voor alcohol.

Britise tanker Athelduchess, het eerste schip dat melasse lost in de nieuwe tanks in juni 1955. 

Zeeuws Archief, Fotocollectie Vlissingen, nr. 22562

De eerste jaren 1906-1937

De krant De Zeeuw van 1 maart 1906 meldt dat er een grote kans is op een nieuwe stoomvaartlijn tussen Cuba en Vlissingen. Hierbij gaat het om de vervoer van melasse. Men heeft haast, want begin april wordt het eerste schip al verwacht. Het bekende Vlissingse cargadoorsbedrijf firma De Groof & Co. treedt op als de Nederlandse vertegenwoordiger.  De Nieuwe Zeeuwsche Courant bevestigt dit bericht en geeft aan dat het gaat om overslag en niet zozeer opslag. De melasse wordt na aankomst overgeladen in lichters. Het gaat in eerste instantie om een experiment met de Engelse stoomtanker Oranje Prince als proefkonijn. Op 22 maart arriveert de Oranje Prince al. Blijkbaar is het experiment een succes want het komt datzelfde jaar diverse keren terug. Ook het Italiaanse stoomschip Margaretha voert dat jaar melasse aan, bestemming de Zuid-Nederlandsche Melasse- en Spiritusfabriek te Bergen op Zoom. Ook in 1907 bezoekt de Oranje Prince nog de Vlissingse haven, daarna zijn het andere schepen.

In 1929 vermeldt het gemeenteverslag nog dat door de malaise in de suikerbietenindustrie geen overslag van suikerbieten in de haven plaats kon vinden. Maar het gehele jaar door was nog steeds vanuit Engeland melasse aangevoerd. Deze werd vervolgens overgepompt in lichters en naar Bergen op Zoom vervoerd. Het jaar daarop is het niet anders. De hoeveelheid melasse, aangevoerd van overzee, neemt steeds meer toe. In 1931 is het aantal zeeschepen dat in Vlissingen afmeert met maar liefst 47 procent toegenomen, alleen al dankzij de melasse. De vooruitzichten zien er voor de haven toch al florissant uit, ondanks dat de Buitenhaven nog niet goed uitgerust was. Er is inmiddels een kolenbunkerstation gevestigd door S.H.V. en naast melasse wordt er ook kunstmest overgeslagen. De wereldwijde economische crisis heeft natuurlijk ook gevolgen voor de scheepvaart. Zo daalt in 1932 het aantal schepen met 33 procent ten opzichte van 1931. Naast melasse wordt onder meer kunstmest en spiritus aangevoerd. Het kolenbunkerstation floreert, maar liefst 361 schepen komen kolen bunkeren, wat 75.000 ton steenkolen meer dan in 1931 inhoudt.

Eerste steenlegging voor het pompgebouw door de Vlissingse burgemeester Van Woelderen in 1937. Zeeuws Archief, Collectie Vlissingen, nr. 21412.Eerste steenlegging voor het pompgebouw door de Vlissingse burgemeester Van Woelderen in 1937. Zeeuws Archief, Collectie Vlissingen, nr. 21412

Professionalisering en stillegging 1937-1941

Begin 1937 komt er een omslag van overslag naar opslag. Een Engelse bedrijf, gehuisvest in Londen, besluit tot het exporteren van grote hoeveelheden van Cubaanse (en Mexicaanse?) melasse naar Europa. Hierbij wordt Vlissingen als centraal opslagpunt voor verdere distributie aangewezen. Dat betekent wel dat er opslagfaciliteiten nodig zijn. De Kon. Mij. De Schelde krijgt de opdracht tot het bouwen van twee tanks, elke met een inhoud va 3.000 kubieke meter of 4.200 ton. In de nazomer moeten de tanks klaar voor gebruik zijn, want in oktober wordt de eerste lading melasse aangevoerd.

De Vlissingse Courant van 9 april vraagt zich overigens wel af waarom voor Vlissingen is gekozen en niet voor Bergen op Zoom. Voor de Spiritusfabriek daar wordt jaarlijks door tientallen tankers melasse uit Engeland aangevoerd. Voor Vlissingen betekent het natuurlijk wel een forse duw in de rug, want de melasse wordt door de binnenvaart verder vervoerd naar Bergen op Zoom. De twee tanks zijn er eerder dan gepland. Dat is maar goed ook. Want op dinsdagmorgen 13 juli om 6 uur ’s ochtends arriveert de Engelse tanker Gloxinia, geladen met melasse, van General Parera. Naast de twee grote opslag tanks is er ook een 100 tons aftaptank beschikbaar en een hypermoderne pompinrichting waarmee de melasse in tanklichters, tankspoorwegwagens of in vaten kan worden gepompt. Zo wordt op een zaterdagmiddag in oktober  in slecht één uur tijd 350 ton gepompt in een tanklichter. In 1937 zijn de drie nieuwgebouwde opslagtanks met pompinrichting in gebruik genomen en dit vertaalt zich direct in goede resultaten.  Zo goed dat al in 1938 het complex met drie tanks van 500 ton wordt uitgebreid, opnieuw gebouwd door de Kon. Mij. De Schelde.

Enige trots mag het Vlissingse Havenbedrijf niet worden onthouden. Op donderdag 1 juni lost men op één dag de Noorse tanker Evina die 4.600 ton Cubaanse melasse voor rekening van de Amerikaanse General Molasses Corporation aanvoert met als afnemer de Amsterdamse firma Loneconese. De Evina kan dezelfde dag weer uitvaren! De uitbraak van de Tweede Wereldoorlog in september 1939 zal echter roet in het eten gooien. Nederland wordt in 1940 bezet door Duitsland, de aanvoer komt stil te liggen en de tanks blijven leeg. Het ergste moet echter nog komen.

De vernielde handelskade naast de melassetanks gezien richting havenmond in 1944.

Wederopbouw 1944-1948

Vlissingen wordt tijdens de oorlog zwaar gebombardeerd door de geallieerden. Haar strategische positie aan de Scheldemonding valt opnieuw in haar nadeel uit. De Duitse troepen blazen het grootste deel van de kades op en brengen schepen tot zinken. Kortom, bij de bevrijding in 1944 zijn de havens in feite onbruikbaar. Rijkswaterstaat herstelt de kademuur in de Buitenhaven in 1945 volledig en een jaar later wordt in de haven een geul uitgebaggerd zodat zeeschepen met een maximale diepgang van 29 voet (8,84 meter) binnen kunnen lopen. Ook de wrakken van de gezonken schepen worden gelicht. Het tankcomplex met een opslag van 10.000 ton kan weer in gebruik worden genomen.

Op 9 september 1946 is het weer zover. Voor het eerst sinds de oorlog was beëindigd, meert weer een zeeschip van redelijke afmetingen af. Het is de 10.000 ton metende Noorse tanker Norse King met 8.300 ton Cubaanse melasse aan boord en die door twee Belgische slepers naar binnen wordt getrokken. Haar diepgang van 27 voet (8,23) meter blijkt geen problemen op te leveren. De melasse is door de Nederlandse regering in Cuba aangekocht voor de verwerking tot veevoer en brandspiritus. Niet dan met veel moeite is men er in geslaagd een tanker te charteren. Na lossing vertrekt het een paar dagen later opnieuw naar Cuba voor een lading melasse. De tanker keert dat jaar verscheidene keren terug, al wordt naast Vlissingen ook in Antwerpen melasse gelost. De aanvoer in Vlissingen groeit gestaag: in 1947 is al sprake van 24.000 en in 1948 van 27.000 ton. Daarbij gaat het sinds 1948 niet alleen meer om rietsuikermelasse, maar ook om suikerbietenmelasse. Eenmalig worden de tanks niet gebruikt voor de opslag van melasse maar voor Noorse walvistraan in 1952.

Bronnen

Gemeente Vlissingen 1937-1970 

Archief Kabinet Burgemeester van Vlissingen 1936-1967 

Notulen gemeenteraad Vlissingen https://www.zeeuwsarchief.nl/onderzoek-het-zelf/archief/?

Gemeenteverslagen en jaaroverzichten Vlissingen

Hinderwetvergunningen Vlissingen 1869-1947 

Archief N.V. Haven van Vlissingen 1914-1983 

www.delpher.nl

www.krantenbankzeeland.nl

H. Arnoldus, Vijftig jaar N.V. Haven van Vlissingen 1934-1984

Greek bulk carrier (ex-Sanko Glory 2005-2011) Star Harmony 2011-



Schelde off Vlissingen, Netherlands 6 September 2026

Panama-flagged, IMO 9284520, MMSI 353071000 and call sign 3FZX9. Built by Oshima Shipbuilding, Saikai, Japan in 2005. owner/manager Dekoil, Athens, Greece. 

British transports used in the Egyptian Campaign in 1882 carried their own unique registration number on the hull

All steamships employed by the British government as transports carried the Naval Reserve flag with a yellow anchor in the fly. They were numbered consecutively with their numbers painted on each bow and quarter. Steamships prepared in India for the Egyptian campaign had red figures on a white ground, the ones at England black figures on a white ground.

Source

Wadhams, U.S.N. lieutenant Albion V. "Transports. Egyptian campaign", Proceedings of the United States Naval Institute, volume VIII No. 4, p. 615. Annapolis, 1882. 

Japanese cargo ship (ex-Eastern 1899-1924) Terukuni Maru 1924-1944

©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

As ss Eastern operated by the Eastern&Australian Steamship Co., London, England. Call sign JBDB. Owner in 1939 Harada Kisen K.K. Homeport Kobe, Japan. Built by R. Napier&Sons Ld., Glasgow, Scotland in April 1899 and sunk by American carrier aircraft on 18 October 1944 off Luzon/Camiguin, Philippines. Gross tonnage 3,589 tons, under deck 2,958 tons, net tonnage 2,272 tons, deadweight 4,284 tons and as dimensions 352.0 x 42.2 x 19.8 x 14.6 (light)-24 (loaded) feet. Reciprocating propulsion, one screw, coal bunker capacity 1,117 tons, horsepower 469nhp, range 6,000 nautical miles/11 knots and speed 11 (normal cruising)-14 (maximum) knots. 

Ships arrived at Gibraltar on 31 July coming from the west according to the Kriegsnachrichten of the Chef des Admiralstabes der Marine dated Berlin 6 August 1917

An item reported the arrival at Gibraltar on 31 July of 1 with 2 guns armed British steamship and 1 with 2 guns armed French steamship coming from the west

Source

Bundesarchiv RM-40-622

Russian nuclear cruise-missile submarine K-15- Tomsk 1991-

Project 661Anchaer/NATO: Papa-class©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com


Project 949A Antey/NATO: Oscar II-class©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Part of Project 949A Antey called by the NATO Oscar II preceded by the Papa- and Charlie-classes and succeeded by the Yasen-class. Totally were 20 submarines of Project 949-949A planned of which six were cancelled (four were even never laid down). A fourth-generation follow-on was planned but never realized. In 2011 was a modernisation announced under Project 949AM to be realized by the Rubin Design Bureau cooperating with the Zvedocja and Zvezda shipyards. Designed for attacking NATO carrier battle groups with her 24 P-700 Granit (the SS-N-19 Shipwreck) cruise missiles. During the modernization was replacement of the Granit cruise missiles planned by 72 3M-54 Kalibr or P-800 Oniks anti-ship cruise missiles. Laid down at Sevmash on 27 August 1991, launched on 20 July 1996, commissioned on 30 December 1996, overhaul finished in 2019, part of the Pacific Fleet.

Sources

Breyer, S. and N. Polmar. Guide to the Soviet Navy, 2nd edition.

Jordan, J. Soviet submarines 1945 to the present.

Kouznetsov, N. La Marine sovietique en guerre 1941-1945.

Pavlov, A.S. Warships of the USSR and Russia 1945-1995.

Polmar N. and J. Noot. Submarines of the Russian and Soviet Navies 1718-1990.

Schulz-Troge, U. Die sowjetische Kriegsmarine.

Jane’s Fighting Ships several editions.

Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Oscar-class dated 11 April 2026 15:53 o’clock

Russian Ships Info dated 12 April 2026 19:46 o’clock. 

The Russia air craft Factory No. 10 at Taganrog in 1929

The American Military Attaché major George E. Arneman at Riga, Latvia referred in his report dated 16 November 1929 No. 7319 to the notes he received from the French Naval Attaché at Riga. He had been three years stationed at Riga and specialised in the Russian Baltic Fleet, being satisfied with his sources considered his notes as reliable. Arneman had no reason to disagree.

An item reported the hydro-aeroplane Factory No. 10 at Taganrog which produced between 1924-end 1928 70 land based planes and of seaplanes 8-M20 with 185 hp BMW motor, 30-Isotta with 250 hp motors, 19-Savoaia 16 with 300 hp Fia motors and 31-Savoai 51 with 300hp Hispano motors. Personnel numbered 18 engineers, 9 chemists and 1,250 workmen.

Source

National Archive. Record Group 165: Records of the War Department General and Special Staffs Series: Security Classified Correspondence and Reports. File Unit. Russia: Navy - MID 2503-16 THRU 2503-265. Roll 1443.

Russian Imperial yacht Polar Star 1890-1960s (1970s)

Scientific American Supplement dated 1 December 1888

Ordered by the Russian emperor Alexander III on 20 May 1888, launched at the Baltic Shipyard on 19 May 1890, commissioned in March 1891, during the First World War lying at Petrograd before she in begun June 1917 was transferred to Helsingfors {Helsinki, Finland] , laid up in reserve in 1920, converted into a floating submarine base in the early 1930s, commissioned on 20 August 1936, reconverted into a floating ship in 1954, target ship for testing anti ship missiles in 1961 and the same year sunk in the Gulf of Riga when struck by a missile. Could be broken up in early 1970s.

British merchant ship British Prince chartered for the Anglo-Egyptian War of 1882

Between July-September 1882 was the United Kingdom in war with Egyptian and Sudanese troops ending in the British occupation of Egypt. The British government chartered between July-August a lot of merchant steamships for transporting troops, stores etc. from the United Kingdom to Egypt including the British Prince.

Source

The Nautical Magazine. Fifty-first year. Volume VII. July 1882. 

German blockade runner Ramses homeward bound in 1941

Transport Number -. Name ship Ramses. Company Hapag= Hamburg-Amerika Linie, Hamburg, Germany. Date departure 1941. Harbour which was left -. Voyage interrupted. Deadweight 12,111 tons.

Source

Bundesarchiv RM 7/1419 Ausarbeitung "Wirtschaftsfahrten im Zweiten Weltkrieg" (Zusammenstellung der Fahrten von Blockadebrechern nach Ostasien, 1941-1945). 

British ironclad battleship HMS Hero 1884-1908

Scientific American Supplement 8 December 1888

Laid down by Chatham Dockyard on 11 11 April 1884, launched on 27 October 1885, commissioned in May 1888 and sunk as target on 18 February 1908. Part of Part of Conqueror-class.

Italian sailing ship Argentina lost in 1917

According to a list of the Italian Department for transport over sea and by rail was she lost on 7 June due to bombs on the location Tunis, Tunisia. Tonnage 41 tons.

Source

Bundesarchiv RM 20/728.

Dutch tug (ex-Maersk Tender 2009-2024), Skandi Tender 2024-2025) Sea Banckert 2025-

Schelde off Vlissingen, Netherlands 30 August 2026

Netherlands-flagged, IMO 9388651, MMSI 245182000 and call sign PEER. Owner Sea Contractors, Vlissingen, Netherlands. As Skandi Tender Denmark-flagged, homeport Ringkobing, manager/owner DOF Denmark A/s, Copenhagen, MMSI 220590000 and call sign OYGS2. Built by Yard Brattvaag A/s, Brattvaag, Norway in 2009. 

American sailing sealing ship Plutarch 1835 and 1837

Antarctic sealing ground southern seas. Rigging schooner. Tonnage 81 tons. Of Stonington. Made 2 sealing voyages in 1835 and 1837 and came back with 3,500 fur-seal skins.

Source

Goode, George Brown. The fisheries and fishery industries of the United States. Section V. History and methods of the fisheries. Volume II, Washington, 1887. 

Dutch working vessel Ingrid-B 1995-

Vlissingen, Netherlands 25 August 2026

Dutch-flagged. MMSI 244770697, ENI no. 02322209 and call sign PD4566. Homeport Sas van Gent, Netherlands. Dimensions 15 x 7 x 1,94 metres. Owned by Stemat Marine Services BV, Rotterdam, Netherlands. Built in 1995 at Volker Stevin, Dordrecht, Netherlands. 2x240 hp Detroit Diesels.

American sailing sealing ship Penguin in 1837

Antarctic sealing ground southern seas. Rigging schooner. Arrived at Stonington in 1837 with 1,500 fur-seal skins.

Source

Goode, George Brown. The fisheries and fishery industries of the United States. Section V. History and methods of the fisheries. Volume II, Washington, 1887. 

Monday, 7 September 2026

British heavy cruiser HMS York 1926-1941

HMS Norfolk, County-class©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

HMS York ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

HMS Exeter ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Part of York-class preceded by County-class. Seven ships planned under the 1922 Washington Naval Treaty. Just HMS York and Exeter completed, the latter differs in appearance due to design modifications. Pennant 90. Ordered on 21 October 1926, laid down by Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company, Jarrow on 16 May 1927, launched on 17 July 1928, commissioned on 1 May 1930, attacked by Italian explosive motor boats at Suda Bay, Crete, Greece on 26 March 1941, run aground to prevent sinking, attacked by German bombers on 22 18 May 1941, main armament blown up to prevent capture, salvaged in February 1952 and scrapping started on 3 March 1952 at Bari, Italy. In original design were 3 funnels planned but the design was in 1928 modified with the foremost funnel being trunked into the second one. Bridge raised and consequently the funnels to clear the catapult on the second turret. While the catapults were too heavy for the gun turrets were catapult and derrick removed. 

Ships arrived at Gibraltar on 31 July coming from the east according to the Kriegsnachrichten of the Chef des Admiralstabes der Marine dated Berlin 6 August 1917

An item reported the arrival at Gibraltar on 31 July of 1 American steamship, 1 Danish steamship, 1 Japanese submarine, 1 auxiliary cruiser, 3 steamships including an armed British one and 1 armed transport coming from the east

Source

Bundesarchiv RM-40-622

British ironclad HMS Victoria 1885-1893

Scientific American Supplement dated 14 July 1888

Victoria in sinking condition ©G.J. Frans Naerebout

Trafalgar-class©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Part of Victoria-class consisting of the Victoria and Sans Pareil, preceded by Admiral-class succeeded by Trafalgar-class. Improved HMS Conqueror-design and originally known as the new Conquerors. Nicknamed the Slipper and together serving with her sister ship the pair of slippers. Laid down with yard number 490 by Armstrong, Mitchell&Co., Elswick, England on 13 June 1885, launched on 9 April 1887, commissioned in March 1890 and sunk in a collision with the HMS Camperdown in the Mediterranean on 22 June 1893. 

German blockade runner Regensburg homeward bound in 1941

Transport Number -. Name ship Regensburg. Company Norddeutscher Lloyd (N.D.L.), Bremen, Germany. Date departure 5 May 1941. Harbour which was left -. Date arrival 22 June 1941. Harbour of arrival Bordeaux, France.

Source

Bundesarchiv RM 7/1419 Ausarbeitung "Wirtschaftsfahrten im Zweiten Weltkrieg" (Zusammenstellung der Fahrten von Blockadebrechern nach Ostasien, 1941-1945). 

Russian diesel-electric cruise-missile submarine K-78 1965-1991

Project 659/NATO Echo I-class in SSN configuration. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Project 651/NATO Juliett-class. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Part of Project 651 named by NATO Juliett-class preceded by Echo-class succeeded by Charlie-class. Designed in end 1950s by a team with as chairman Abram Samuilovich Kassatsier. Building planned of 35 boats but 19 were cancelled and 16 completed. Laid down by Krasnoye Sormovo Shipyard, Gorky on 25 July 1965, launched on 30 March 1967, commissioned on 1 November 1967, decommissioned in September 1991 to be broken up.

Sources

Breyer, S. and N. Polmar. Guide to the Soviet Navy, 2nd edition.

Jordan, J. Soviet submarines 1945 to the present.

Kouznetsov, N. La Marine sovietique en guerre 1941-1945.

Pavlov, A.S. Warships of the USSR and Russia 1945-1995.

Polmar N. and J. Noot. Submarines of the Russian and Soviet Navies 1718-1990.

Schulz-Troge, U. Die sowjetische Kriegsmarine.

Jane’s Fighting Ships several editions.

Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Russian Ships Info dated 12 April 2026 19:46 o’clock.

Juliett-class dated 5 May 2026 10:05 o’clock

The Russian naval air force in 1929

The American Military Attaché major George E. Arneman at Riga, Latvia referred in his report dated 16 November 1929 No. 7319 to the notes he received from the French Naval Attaché at Riga. He had been three years stationed at Riga and specialised in the Russian Baltic Fleet, being satisfied with his sources considered his notes as reliable. Arneman had no reason to disagree.

An item reported that the Soviet Naval Air Force consisted of the 62nd and 66th detachments fitted out with seaplanes.

At Peterhof were on 1 January 1929 12 seaplanes, pursuit, M24 stationed

At Orienenbaum 16 seaplanes, scouts, Type Junkers W33 and W 34

At Grebnoy (island of Vasilievsky-Leningrad) 12 torpedo planes

On the Goutourievsky and Krestovsky islands (Leningrad) a squadron of the hydro-aviation school numbering 24 seaplanes, Junkers and Savoia

There should be at Archangel an observation squadron wit 24 seaplanes.

Source

National Archive. Record Group 165: Records of the War Department General and Special Staffs Series: Security Classified Correspondence and Reports. File Unit. Russia: Navy - MID 2503-16 THRU 2503-265. Roll 1443.

Japanese ferry Uko (h) Maru No. 2 1934-

©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Call sign JRLJ. Homeport Tokyo. Owner in 1939 Department of Railways. Built to be operated in the straits between Aomori and Hakodate and between Shimonoseki and Fusan and principal coaling centers in Japan. Built by Osaka-Iron Works, Osaka, Japan in 1934. Gross tonnage 323 tons, net tonnage 74 tons and as dimensions 150.0 x 33.0 x 8.5 feet. 

Dutch Greenland commandeur Klaas Pietersz Kastricum 1723-1729

Bookkeeper Cornelis en Dirk Yff, Westzaan

1723

Whales 5.5 Barrels blubber 200

1724

Whales 0.5 Barrels blubber 20

1725

Whales 6 Barrels blubber 180

1726

Whales 0 Barrels blubber 0

1727

Whales 1.5 Barrels blubber 80

1728

Whales 2.5 Barrels blubber 100

1729

Whales 0 Barrels blubber 0

Total

Whales 16 Barrels blubber 580

Source

Alphabetische naam-lyst van alle de Groenlandsche en Straat-Davidsche Commandeurs die sedert het jaar 1700 op Groenland en sedert het jaar 1719 op de Straat Davis etc. Gerret van Sant. Published by Johannes Enschede, Amsterdam 1770, with hand written notes until 1794.

French bottom trawler Octopussy II CH 883742 1997-



Granville, France 20 July 2026

France-flagged, MMSI 228852000 and call sign FLPI. Built by Plasti-Pêche, l’Aiguillon sur Mer, France in 1997. Between 1997-100`SN.883742 (Saint Nazaire). 

Dutch Greenland commandeur Klaas Visman de Jonge 1725-1728

Bookkeeper Cornelis Dirksz Tewis, Zaandam

1724

Whales 0 Barrels blubber 0

1725

Whales 1.5 Barrels blubber 50

1726

Whales 2 Barrels blubber 70

1727

Whales 2 Barrels blubber 110

Bookkeeper Erven [Heirs] Cornelis Dirksz Twis, Zaandam

Whales 1 Barrels blubber 50

Total

Whales 6.5 Barrels blubber 50

Source

Alphabetische naam-lyst van alle de Groenlandsche en Straat-Davidsche Commandeurs die sedert het jaar 1700 op Groenland en sedert het jaar 1719 op de Straat Davis etc. Gerret van Sant. Published by Johannes Enschede, Amsterdam 1770, with hand written notes until 1794.

British ironclad HMS Edinburgh preparing defence against attacking torpedo boat in 1887

Scientific American Supplement Volume XXV 14 April 1888

The illustration showed the preparations on board of the HMS Edinburgh to defend herself with machine guns and Martin-Henry rifles against an attacking torpedo boat.The Edinburgh was described as “the most powerful vessel now afloat of the British Navy” and in November 1887 commissioned for service in the Mediterranean under the command of captain Henry St Leger Bury Palliser (1839-1907).

Part of Colossus-class ironclads preceded by Ajax-class succeeded by Admiral-class. Ex-Majestic but renamed Edinburg on 16 March 1882. Laid down by Pembroke Dockyard, England on 20 March 1879, launched on 18 March 1882, completed on 8 July 1887, coast guard ship since 1894, converted into a target ship in 1908 and sold to be broken up by Thos W. Ward in 1910.

British merchant ship Atlantic chartered for the Anglo-Egyptian War of 1882

Between July-September 1882 was the United Kingdom in war with Egyptian and Sudanese troops ending in the British occupation of Egypt. The British government chartered between July-August a lot of merchant steamships for transporting troops, stores etc. from the United Kingdom to Egypt including the Atlantic.

Source

The Nautical Magazine. Fifty-first year. Volume VII. July 1882. 

British destroyer HMS Lynx 1912-1915

Admiralty-K-class design©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Laforey- or L-class©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com

Part of K- or Acasta-class preceded by Acheron-class succeeded by L- or Laforey-class. The class numbered 20 ships, of 12 which built while using the common Admiralty-design and 8 so-called builders’specials. The Acasta-class was in September 1913 redesignated K-class. Built under the Naval Programme of 1911-1912. Admiralty K-class design. Laid down by Harland&Wolff, Govan, Scotland with yard number 364 on 18 January 1912, launched on 20 March 1913, completed in January 1914 and sunk in Moray Firth on 9 August 1915 after hitting a mine laid by the German raider Meteor 9.