Bremerhaven, Germany 18 April 2026
Antigua&Barbuda-flagged, IMO 9623219, MMSI 305204000 and call sign V2RI9. Built by STX Offshore&Shipbuilding Johnae Shipyard, Jinhae, Soutj Korea in 2012. Marshall Islands-flagged 2012-2022, South Korea-flagged 2022-2026 and Germany and Antigua&Barbuda-flagged in 2026. As Sunrise/Sun Rise South Korea-flagged, homeport Jesu, MMSI 440032000, call sign D7GU an downer/manager Pan Ocean Co. Ltd., Seoul, South Korea.
Antwerpen, Belgium 10 April 2026
Madeira/Portugal-flagged, IMO 9702261, MMSI 255806499 and call sign CQEV8. Built by Dalian Shipbuilding Industry Co. Ltd., Dalian, China in 2015. Owner MSC Mediterranean Shipping Co., Geneva, Switzerland, manager MSC Shipmanagement Ltd., Limassol, Cyprus. Panama-flagged between 2015-2017.
An item dated Lahaina 21 August 1852 reported that when the American whaler Chas. Phelps master Birch arrived returning from the Sea of Okhotsk he mentioned that he had on 22 May heard from the whaler Massachusetts 5 whales
©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Type B ordered under the 1943-1944 Programme to be part of the coastal forces. Of the 280 ordered were just 56 laid down and even a less number finally completed when the Second World War ended. To serve as convoy escorts were the boats also fitted out with minesweeping gears. Based on a traditional wood built fishing boat. With a displacement of 238 tons and as dimensions 93.5 (between perpendiculars)-105. 3/4 (over all) x 20.2 x 7.75 feet. Geared diesel propulsion with 400bhp via one shaft and speed 9 knots. Crew numbered 26 men. Armament consisted of 2/4x1-2.5cm guns and 8-12 depth charges. Built by Tokushima. Completed on 23 June 1945, handed over to the Japan Maritime Safety Agency and renamed mS 28 on 1 May 1948.
Between July-September 1882 was the United Kingdom in war with Egyptian and Sudanese troops ending in the British occupation of Egypt. The British government chartered between July-August a lot of merchant steamships for transporting troops, stores etc. from the United Kingdom to Egypt including the Citu of New York of the Inman Line.
Source
The Nautical Magazine. Fifty-first year. Volume VII. July 1882.
River-class ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Loch-class. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Modified River-class hull and improved armament. Of this class were 28 ships built and 54 cancelled. To be built by Smith’s Dock Company, Limited. Cancelled in 1945.
Sources
Jane’s Fighting Ships 1944-1945
David K. Brown. Nelson to Vanguard. Warship design and development 1923-1945.
David K. Brown. Atlantic Escorts. Ships, Weapons and Tactics in World War II.
J.J.. Colledge/Ben Warlow. Ships of the Royal Navy. The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy from the 15th Century to the Present.
Norman Friedman. British Destroyers&Frigates/ The Second World War and After.
Leo Marriott. Royal Navy Frigates since 1945. 2nd edition.
G.M. Stephen. British warship designs since 1906.
A.W. Watson. ‘Corvettes and frigates’ in: Transactions of the Institution of Naval Architects, 1947, p. 165-185
List of planning with deadlines for new construction of warships by German shipyards in July 1944. Type XXI. Yard Blohm&Voss, Hamburg, Germany. Yard number Date building ordered 6 November 1943. Date completion 8 September 1944. Remarks due to air attack in end July was it impossible to predict new deadlines.
Source
Deutsches Historisches Institut Moska. Records 500 findbuch 12453-file 147.
Liberia-flagged, homeport Monrovia, IMO 9231250, MMSI 636018240 and call sign A8JX9. Liberia-flagged 2002, Germany-flagged 2002-2003, Singapore-flagged 2003-2006, Liberia-flagged 2006, Germany-flagged 2006-2017, Liberia-flagged 2017 and Germany-flagged 2017-? Owner MSC Mediterranean Shipping Co., Geneva, Switzerland, manager MSC Shipmanagement Ltd., Limassol, Cyprus. Built by Samsung Shipbuilding&Heavy Industries Co. Ltd., Geoje, South Korea in 2002.
An item dated Lahaina 21 August 1852 reported that when the American whaler Chas. Phelps master Birch arrived returning from the Sea of Okhotsk he mentioned that he had on 23 June heard from the whaler Jefferson, New London 14 whales
©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Similar Daisin Maru (1919) and Miti Maru (1919). Call sign JCCM. Built by Lithgow’s Ltd., Port Glasgow, Scotland in 1919 and sunk after striking a mine off Susami, Japan on 12 July 1945. Gross tonnage 5,682 tons, netto tonnage 3,550 tons and as dimensions 400.3x 52.2 x 28.4 x 8 (light)-25’6” (loaded) feet. Reciprocating propulsion, single screw, horsepower 517 nhp, oil bunker capacity 820 tons, range 8,600 nautical miles/10 knots and speed 10 (normal cruising)-12 (maximum) knots. Carried petrolen in bulk 60,000 barrels.
Engaged by the British government for the new expedition to the Sudan. Gross tonnage 2,141 tons. Mule transport. Due to the despressed state of the shipping trade was the Admiralty able to hire troop transports towards Suakin, Sudan for just 17s 6 ton/month in contrary to the 28s ton/month in the 1882 campaign. The first Suakim expedition was in February 1884, the second one in March 1885. The campaigns were part of the Mahdist War (1881-189) between the Mahdist Sudanese and the Khedivate Egypt later the United Kingdom resulting in the condominium Anglo-Egyptian Sudan 1899-1956 and then succeeded by the Protectorate of Uganda, Italian Libya and the Republic of Sudan, nowadays Egypt, Libya, South Sudan, Sudan and Uganda. On 26 January 1885 fell Khartoum and the British garrison was massacred. In March was a British expeditionary force sent to Suakin but lacking success and finally withdrawn.
Source
The Steamship dated 16 February 1885, p. 64.
©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Type B ordered under the 1943-1944 Programme to be part of the coastal forces. Of the 280 ordered were just 56 laid down and even a less number finally completed when the Second World War ended. To serve as convoy escorts were the boats also fitted out with minesweeping gears. Based on a traditional wood built fishing boat. With a displacement of 238 tons and as dimensions 93.5 (between perpendiculars)-105. 3/4 (over all) x 20.2 x 7.75 feet. Geared diesel propulsion with 400bhp via one shaft and speed 9 knots. Crew numbered 26 men. Armament consisted of 2/4x1-2.5cm guns and 8-12 depth charges. Built by Hayashikane. Completed on 2 March 1945, run aground on 30 May 1945 and afterwards broken up.
A list dealing dated 28 June 1918 reported the status of work on the submarines expected on 30 June. Work started on 24 June 1918. Planned completion on 18 July. Description of the work remaining work. Remarks none.
Source
Bundesarchiv RM 3-11254.
Antwerpen, Belgium 10 April 2026
Singapore-flagged, IMO 9630420, MMSI 563287300 and call sign 9VDR5. Owner/manager Seaspan Ship Management Ltd., Vancouver BC, Canada. Built by Jiangsu New Yangzijang Shipbuilding, Jingjiang, China in 2015. Hong Kong-flagged 2015-2025, since then Singapore.
An item dated Lahaina 21 August 1852 reported that when the American whaler Chas. Phelps master Birch arrived returning from the Sea of Okhotsk he mentioned that he had on 1 June heard from American whaler Newbury Port 3 whales
Flower-class. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Part of Castle-class preceded by Flower-class. Built for the British Royal Navy but handed over to the Royal Canadian Navy before completion. Laid down by Ferguson Brothers Ltd., Port Glasgow, Scotland on 3 Juen 1943, launched on 12 February 1944, transferred to Canada in 1943, commissioned on 29 June 1944, decommissioned on 8 March 1946, sold to become a merchant ship in 1946, taken into service by the China Merchants Steam Navigation Company in 1946, out of service on 1 June 1950, taken over by the Nationalist Chinese Navy in 1950, renamed Kao An in 1950 and Shuai Zhen in 1963.
According to a list of the return of the disposition in the Black Sea on 28 October 1854 drawn up by Captain and Principal Agent of Transports P. Christie, “Melbourne”, Balaklava, Crimea: number transport 84, present position Constantinople, Turkey, remarks under orders of rear admiral Boxer. The Crimean War found place between 16 October 1853-30 March 1856 between Ottoman Empire, France, United Kingdom and Sardinia at one side and Russia and Greece on the other side. The British Government chartered a large number of merchant ships for transporting troops and stores.
Source
Reports from Committees: eight volumes. 3-Part II. Army before Sebastopol. Session 12 December 854-14 August 1855. Vol. IX-Part II.
©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Of the Nationalist Chinese Maritime Customs Service. Probably an Ailanthus-class net laying ships or net tenders preceded by Aloe-class succeeeded by Cohoes-class of which six in 1946-1947 were handed over by the USA to Nationalist China namely the Cliffrose, Cinnamon, Silverbell, Torchwood, Catclay and Shellbark.
©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
List of planning with deadlines for new construction of warships dated Berlin 22 May 1944. Built by Kater, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Yard number 21. Date building ordered3 October 1942. Date completion unknown depends on delivery propulsion allowing a future maximum completion of 5-7 Kriegsfischkutters possible.
Source
Deutsches Historisches Institut Moska. Records 500 findbuch 12453-file 152.
Madeira/Portugal-flagged, IMO 9333395, MMSI 255806256 and call sign CQAR6. Built by JJ Sietas Schiffswerft, Hamburg, Germany in 2006. As Valdivia owner/manager Peter Doehle Schiffahrts, Hamburg, Germany. Germany-flagged 2006, Marshall Islands-flagged between 2006-2019 and since then Madeira-flagged.
An item dated Lahaina 21 August 1852 reported that when the American whaler Chas. Phelps master Birch arrived returning from the Sea of Okhotsk he mentioned that he had spoken on 26 June heard from the whaler Tiger 1 whale
Active-class scout cruisers. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Bristol light cruiser. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Hawkins-class heavy cruisers. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Part of Town-class Bristol-sub class light cruiser preceded by Topaze- and Active-classes and succeeded by Hawkins- and Arethusa (1913)-classes. Ordered under the 1908-1909 Programme. Laid down by Vickers, Barrow-in-Furness, England on 17 February 1909, launched on 30 October 1909, commissioned on 4 October 1910 and sold to be broken up on 8 November 1921 realized in Germany.
An item reported that the Venezuelan oil export was to be reduced about 40% due to conveying shallow-draught tankers to Aruba and Curacao, Netherlands Antilles.
Source
Map Room Papers (Roosevelt Administration), 1942 - 1945. MR0423. U.S. Joint Intelligence Committee. Daily summary No. 76 dated 24 February 1942
Askold. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Bogatyr-class. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Part of the Bogatyr-class cruiser of which were 5 planned but 4 completed preceded by Askold succeeded by Novik. Laid down by Admiralty Shipyard, Saint Petersburg, Russia on 6 July 1902, launched on 14 August 1903, commissioned on 24 June 1904, torpedoed and sunk by the British speedboat CMB-4 at Kronstadt, Russia on 17 June 1919, partly salvaged in 1919 and 1933 and her last remains salvaged and broken up in 1938.
In 1862 presented William Hale of 6 John Street, Adelphi a gun and rocket boat with apparatus attached for firing Hale’s rockets.
Source
Illustrated Catalogue of the International Exhibition of 1862. The Illustrated Catalogue of the Industrial Department. British division-vol. II. No. 2684.
Madeira/Portugal-flagged, IMO 9349796, MMSI 255915882 and call sign CQ2340. Germany-flagged in 2007-2012, Liberia-flagged 2012-2024, Portugal-flagged in 204, Germany-flagged in 2014 and anno 2026 again Madeira-flagged. Owner/manager NSB Group, Buxtehude, Germany. Built by Daewoo Mangalia Heavy Industries, Mangalia, Romania in 2007.
In a letter dated 13 April 1942 No. 1329 to the O.K.M./1 Abteilung Skl. was the so-called ‘Etappen’-organisation of the navy described. In the attachment were the blockade runners decribed used for this purpose. Ms. Osorno. Not loaded. Left Talcahuano, Chile on 2 April 1941 and arrived at Yokohama, Japan on 2 July 1941. Waited a long time off the Chilean coast for the Rhakotis, Quito and Bogotá. Later towed by the Bogotá while she had engine problems.
Source
Bundesarchiv RM 7/223
PS 44. ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Operated by the Maritime Safety Board. Length about 147.6 feet
An item reported that the John and Edward heard that the James Loper of Nantucket caught 1 whale.
©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Type B ordered under the 1943-1944 Programme to be part of the coastal forces. Of the 280 ordered were just 56 laid down and even a less number finally completed when the Second World War ended. To serve as convoy escorts were the boats also fitted out with minesweeping gears. Based on a traditional wood built fishing boat. With a displacement of 238 tons and as dimensions 93.5 (between perpendiculars)-105. 3/4 (over all) x 20.2 x 7.75 feet. Geared diesel propulsion with 400bhp via one shaft and speed 9 knots. Crew numbered 26 men. Armament consisted of 2/4x1-2.5cm guns and 8-12 depth charges. Built by Ishikawa. Completed on 11 April 1945, survived the war but afterwards after striking a naval mine sunk.
In 1862 presented Robert Griffiths of 69 Mornington Road, London, England a model of a frigate with portable armour-plates.
Source
Illustrated Catalogue of the International Exhibition of 1862. The Illustrated Catalogue of the Industrial Department. British division-vol. II. No. 2683.
Antwerpen, Belgium 10 April 2026
Portugal/Madeira-flagged, IMO 9326952, MMSI 255805844 and call sign CQBP. Owner/manager Reederei Friedrich Dede Gmbh&Co. KG, Jork, Germany. Built by JJ Sietas Schifsswerft, Hamburg, Germany in 2005. Antigua&Barbuda-flagged in 2005, Germany-flagged 2005-2016).
©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
List of planning with deadlines for new construction of warships dated Berlin 22 May 1944. Built by Kater, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Yard number 20. Date building ordered3 October 1942. Date completion unknown depends on delivery propulsion allowing a future maximum completion of 5-7 Kriegsfischkutters possible.
Source
Deutsches Historisches Institut Moska. Records 500 findbuch 12453-file 152.
©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Similar Dairen Maru, Hoten Maru and Tsingtao Maru although the latter two ships haven forward part of promenade decks enclosed. Call sign JGAB. Homeport Dairen, Japan. Owner in 1939 Dairen Kisen K.K. Laid down by Mitsubishi Zosen Kaisha Ld., Kobe, Japan on 1 December 1924, launched on 8 July 1925, completed on 15 October 1925 and torpedoed and sunk by American submarine USS Sunfish (SS-281) off Inchon, (South) Korea on 30 November 1944. Gross tonnage tons 3,748, under deck 3,035 tons, net tonnage 2,021 tons, deadweight 3,000 tons and as dimensions 360.0 x 46.0 x 28.5 x 20 (loaded) feet. Coal fuelled-propulsion, coal bunker capacity 525 tons, 2 screws and speed 14 (normal cruising)-17 (maximum) knots.
An item reported the arrival at Honolulu, Hawaii on 19 November of the American whaler Callao master Sissone 25 months out coming from the Arctic … barrels sperm oil 1,650 barrels whale oil 20,000 lbs bone.
©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Part of so-called 66 feet-class. Built by Winslow Marine, Winslow WA, USA in 1945 and transferred by the US Navy to the Philippine Naval Patrol in July 1948.
In 1862 presented David Dunlop of Hurlet, Glasgow, Scotland an angulated invulnerable steam-ram, propellinging either way sweeping enemies from decks by machinery.
Source
Illustrated Catalogue of the International Exhibition of 1862. The Illustrated Catalogue of the Industrial Department. British division-vol. II. No. 2670.
Laid down on 28 February 1983 as part of the Alkmaar-class on the shipyard of Van der Giessen de Noord, Alblasserdam, Netherlands, launched on 23 February 1985, commissioned as Hr.Ms. Makkum on 13 May 1985, decommissioned on 25 November 2024, gifted to Ukraine in 2025, officially to be handed over in June 2026 with her new name Henichesk M314. MMSI 244025000 and call sign PAEH.
British HMS Dreadnought ©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Italian Regina Elena-class©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Proposal of Bernotti©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Austrian Radetzky-class©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
French Danton-class©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
Lieutenant Bernotti (1) published his vision of a battleship in the Italian magazine Rivista Marittima, supplement to No. VI, 1908, as part of a Naval Prize Essay. A translation was published in The Proceedings dated March 1909. At that moment was in England HMS Dreadnought (2) commissioned, the first steam turbine powered battleship with an uniform main battery instead of a mix of some large guns and a heavy secondary armament. The newest Italian battleships were the Regina Elena-class designed by Cuniberti, the man of the all-big gun concept qualifing his own design as obsolete.(3). The Dante Alighieri was the first built Italian dreadnought.(4) Bernotti wrote that the latest plans of battleships principally showed gins of one caliber and a high speed. The tonnage was between that of a single turreted monitor and a battleship with a large number of heavy guns. He wondered of the all-big-gun-concept the ultimate solution was regarding the lessons of the recent war between Japan and Russia (1904-1905). He choose for a battle caliber of 30,5cm mounted in four two-gun turrets (total weight 1,881 tons). He made some sketches of configurations of the positions of the gun turrets. For the secondary armament he choose for 8-15,2cm cal 500cm guns (total weight 789 tons) to which 12-7,6cm guns (total weight 57 tons) and torpedo tubes (total weight 20 tons) were to be added. A ram was not be added. The speed which had strategical importance was the one which could be maintained for a long time. This strategic speed was 3 knots below the maximum speed of 22 knots meaning that minus 3 knots would be 19 knots which was equal to the maximum speed of the French Danton-class pre dreadnoughts (19.25 knots) and a little less than that of the Austrian Radetzky-class semi-dreadnoughts(20.5 knots). Total fuel supply 1,731-1,750 ton. Armour with a thickness of 10-20cm, total weight 3,275 tons. Total weight of engines and boilers 1,952 tons. Calculated displacement 15,950 tons.
Notes
1. Bernotti (24 February 1877 Marciana Marina, Italy-19 March 1974 Rome, Italy) ended his naval career (started in 1889) in the rank of admiral (promoted 2 June 1934) in 1939 becoming a senator in the kingdom of Italy and raised to the rank of Fleet Admiral in June 1940. Expert in naval doctrine an leading theoretical theorist with the navy was also a proponent of naval aviation including aircraft carriers. His publicatuin His Fondamenti di tattica navale was translated in the English publication Fundaments of Naval tactics. In the Rivista Marittima dated July-August 1920 he published another article dealing with the future of the battleship as the lessons learned from the First World War had made clear. The ideal maximum armament was 4x3-minimum 38cm guns, a secondary armament of 15,2cm guns, 6-about 10cm anti aircraft guns, a number of machineguns and 7-12 surfaced torpedo tubus (triple or twins).
2. Ordered in 1905, laid down by HM Dockyard Portsmouth on 2 Otcober 1905, launched on 10 February 1906, commissioned on 2 December 1906, decommissioned in February 1919 and sold to be broken up on 9 May 1921. Preceded by the Lord Nelson-class and succeeded by the Bellerophon-class. Her main armament consisted of 5x2-30,5cm/12” guns to which 27x1-7,6cm/3” guns and 5-45cm/18” torpedo tubes were added.
3. The Regina Elena consisted of the 4 battleships Regina Elena, Vittorio Emanuele, Roma and Napoli, built between 1901-1908 preceded by the Regina Margehrita-class and an armament of 2-30,5cm/12” cal 40 guns and 12-20,3cm/8” cal 45 guns. In fact was this class based on a concept of a 8,000 tons warship armed with 12-8” guns dating from 1899 but which design approved. This must be the Bettolo-Cuniberti type.
4. The Dante Alighiere was designed by rear admiral Edoardo Masdea replacing the Regina Elena-class designed by by Vittorio Cuniberti succeeded by the Conte di Cavour-class. Laid down by Regio Cantiere di Castellammare di Stabia, Castellammare di Stabia, Italy on 6 June 1909, launched on 20 August 1910, completed on 15 January 1913, stricken on 1 July 1928 and broken up the same year. Main armament 4x3-30,5cm/12" guns.
Sources
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romeo_Bernotti dated 13 April 2026 11:26 o’clock
‘requisites of the battleship best adepted to the Italian Navy and consideration of its tactical employment’ in: The Proceedings of the United States Naval Institute dated March 1909 vol.35, No., Whole No. 129.
Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
According to a list of the return of the disposition in the Black Sea on 28 October 1854 drawn up by Captain and Principal Agent of Transports P. Christie, “Melbourne”, Balaklava, Crimea: number transport 76 , present position Balaklava, Crimea, remarks to receive wounded soldiers. The Crimean War found place between 16 October 1853-30 March 1856 between Ottoman Empire, France, United Kingdom and Sardinia at one side and Russia and Greece on the other side. The British Government chartered a large number of merchant ships for transporting troops and stores.
Source
Reports from Committees: eight volumes. 3-Part II. Army before Sebastopol. Session 12 December 854-14 August 1855. Vol. IX-Part II.
©Warshipsresearch.blogspot.com
U. S. Navy lieutenanr Matt Howland Signor published in the The Proceedings dated March 1902 his vision of a battleship. Displacement with all ammunition, stores and water and 1,000 tons coal was 15,975 ton and a draught of 26.5 feet and with 2,500 ton coal 17,475 ton and a draught of 28.5 feet. The dimensions were 400 x 80 x 17-15-16 (armored freeboard fore-amidships-aft) feet. Endurance with a speed of 16 knots was 3,000 nautical miles, with 18,000hp able to maintain during 4 hours a speed of 18 knots and with 11,500 hp a sea speed of 16 knots.
Normal displacement 15,975 tons:
Hull steel, 4,000 tons
Armor decks, main and protective 1,600 tons
Hull, wood 140 tons
Hull fittings 720 tons
Outfit, masts, ladders, furniture 100 tons
Equipment 125 tons
Electrical 15tons
Boats 25 tons
Officers, men and effects 110 tons
Stores 200 tons
Fresh water fordrinking 50 tons
Armor, side with bolts and backing 2,431 tons
Armor, battery, with bolts and backing and framing 1,497 tons
Conning towe, supports and tubes 79 tons
Ordnance 1,114 tons
Ammunition 994 tons
Engineer’s weights, including water 16,40 tons
Coal 1,000 tons
The armament was to consist of 2x3-33,02cm/13”cal 40 guns (fore and aft), 2x3-25,4cm/10” cal 40 guns (beam amidships), 12-12,7cm/5” 60 cal guns and 16-7,63cm/3” cal 50 guns, totally 40 guns. An option was to replace the 12-5” guns by 18-10,16cm/4” cal 60 guns. Signor wrote that 3-10” guns in a beam turret was preferable above a 2-12” gun turret. The problem was to solve as 4x3-12” gun turrets or 2 turrets with 13” and the others with 10 guns. He maintained his opinion that the battery should be 6-13” and 6-10” guns.
The original article supplies much more details including dealing with the proposed armor.
Note
1. Signor (14 December 1870 Illinois, USA-24 November 1914) married on 10 May 1900 at Macon, Bibb, Georgia, USA with Salley Dearing Speer (1876-1959). Entered service on the age of 15 on 21 May 1886, att his death he held the rank of captain and was retired since 9 September 1912. He is buried at the U.S. Naval Academy Cemetery grave section 1 No. 56.
Sources
‘A new type of battleship”, in: The Proceedings of the United States Naval Institute vol. XXVIII, No. 1, whole No. 101.
Navy Register 1904.
Register of the commissioned and warrant officers of the navy of the United States and of the Marine Corps to 1 January 1904
Annual register of the United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland, USA 1886-1887.
Douglas Rawlinson, A. and Ralph E. Eshelman. Maryland Spanish and Philippine American War Veteran Burials
https://www.interment.net/united-states/maryland/anne-arundel-county/annapolis/us-naval-academy-cemetery/transcription/831.php dated 13 April 2026 10:20 o’clock
