Crews of whalers changing from American and European into Polynesian according to the Whalemen’s Shipping List dated Tuesday 17 January 1865

An item referred to the Honolulu Friend of 5 November 1864 reporting that the composition of the crews of the whalers visiting Honolulu in the last decades changed. In the past were the sailors mainly American of European and nowadays mainly Hawaiians and other Polynesians and further more men from Guam and Portuguese. Seldom was a crew still entire American. Even the officers were not always American caused by the American Civil War and the demand for labour.