The Coast Artillery School developed for shore-based observation posts the bump-method for spotting and recognizing a ship hull down over the horizon. The method was applying to a ship from the top down and the top third of the superstructure first appearing over the horizon and this reducing to a simplified silhouette, in fact just a rough outline of the characteristic upper portions of the superstructure.
Part of Pennsylvania-class preceded by Nevada-class succeeded by New Mexico-class. Building ordered on 22 August 1912, laid down by Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company on 27 October 1913, launched on 16 March 1915, commissioned on 12 June 1916, decommissioned on 29 August 1946 and scuttled off Kwajalein Atoll after Operation Crossroads on 10 Feburray 1948.
Sources
John D. Neill, “The Bump Charts” in: Coast Artillery Journal, Jan-February 1944, p. 31-33.
“Bumps. Warships are quickly recognized by new Coast Artillery Bump Silhouettes” in: U.S. Army-Navy Journal of Recognition, November 1943, No. 3., p. 21-25.
ONI. FM 30-50. Recognition pictorial manual of naval vessels, 15 September 1943.
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