Formed under a treaty between France and Spain dated 27 November 1912 formalising the Spanish sphere of influence into a protectorate. This protectorate included two areas, a northern strip on the Mediterranean and the Strait of Gibraltar and a southerm area around Cape Juby bordering the Spanish Sahara. The northern strip was handed over to Morocco on 7 April 1956. Morocco was just independent and no longer a French protectorate. After the short Ifni War ceded Spain the southern area under the Treaty of Angra de Cintra on 1 April 1958 to Morocco.
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